nūhou

I. Ka Hoʻonohonoho Kūlana: Ke Kaulike Akahele ma waena o ka ʻEpekema a me ka Hana

ʻO nā palena koena pesticide i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) ka hopena o nā tausani o nā haʻawina toxicological. Hoʻoholo nā kānaka ʻepekema i ka Maximum No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) ma o nā hoʻokolohua holoholona, ​​​​a laila e hoʻopili i kahi mea palekana 100-fold e helu i ka Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) no nā kānaka. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka ADI nonā kloripifoshe 0.01 mg/kg, ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki i kahi pākeke 60 kg ke hoʻopau palekana i ka 0.6 mg i kēlā me kēia lā.

Ke kūlana o Kina i kēia manawaGB 2763-2021uhi i nā palena koena no 564 mau pesticides ma 387 mau ʻano meaʻai, e kūlike ana me nā lula ma ka EU a me US No ka laʻana, ʻo ka palena no ka procymidone i nā leeks he 0.2 mg/kg ma Kina e kūʻē i ka 0.1 mg/kg ma ka EU. Loaʻa kēlā mau ʻokoʻa mai nā ʻano meaʻai, ʻaʻole nā ​​​​manaʻo kūʻē koʻikoʻi ma ka palekana.

II. ʻEnehana ʻIke: Ka Pahele ʻIke o nā Mea Hana Pololei

Hiki i nā mea hana loiloi hou ke ʻike i nā koena manā ʻāpana no ka piliona (ppb)nā pae. ʻIke ka chromatography wai-spectrometry mass (LC-MS) i nā ʻano like me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i hoʻokahi hua paʻakai i loko o kahi loko ʻauʻau nui ʻOlumepika. ʻO kēia ʻano ʻike ke lilo nei nā koena "ʻike ʻole ʻia" i mea kakaikahi. I ka makahiki 2024, ua ʻike ʻia nā koena pesticide maʻamau i loko o 68% o nā huahana mahiʻai i laʻana ʻia, akā naʻe he 1.4% wale nō i ʻoi aku ma mua o nā palena—e hōʻoia ana i kēlā"He mea maʻamau ka ʻike ʻana, he mea kākaʻikahi ka ʻoi aku ma mua o nā kūlana."

ʻO kaka nui o nā koenahe mea nui loa ia. No ka cypermethrin, ʻo ka palena i loko o ka citrus he 2 mg/kg. No ka hiki ʻana i kahi mahele weliweli, pono kekahi e ʻai i 200 kg o ka citrus hoʻokō—he loiloi pilikia i like me ka makaʻu i ka paʻakai papaʻaina (median lethal dose: 3 g/kg).

III. Hoʻokele Pōpilikia: He Palekana Multi-Papa no ka Palekana Meaʻai

Ua holomua ke Kuhina Mahiʻai o Kina ma o nā hana e like me"Hoʻolaha Kūikawā no ka Kāohi ʻana i nā Mea i Pāpā ʻia a me ka Hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka Maikaʻi," e hoʻokō ana i ka helu hoʻokō 97.6% i ka makahiki 2024. Ke nānā nei nā ʻōnaehana traceability Blockchain i 2,000 mau kahua hana, e hahai ana i 23 mau kikoʻikepili mai ka mahiʻai a i ka ʻōpuʻu. Hiki i nā mea kūʻai ke scan i nā code QR e komo i nā moʻolelo hoʻohana pesticide a me nā hōʻike lab.

I ka wā e kū ai i nā "pesticide residues" i nā hōʻike hoʻāʻo, pono nā mea kūʻai aku e ʻike:ʻike ʻana ≠ hoʻopōʻino, a ʻaʻole pilikia ke olakino i nā koena liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka holoi ʻana i nā huaʻai ma lalo o ka wai e kahe ana no 30 kekona e wehe i ka 80% o nā koena o ka ʻili. ʻOi aku ka weliweli o nā ʻōlelo absolutist e like me "he mea ʻino nā pesticides āpau," e hoʻoweliweli nei i ke kahua o ka mahiʻai hou.

I ke au o ka ʻāina mahiʻai paʻakikī a me ka ulu ʻana o ka heluna kanaka, he mea nui mau nā pesticides no ka palekana meaʻai. Ma ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka "ʻike ʻana" mai ka "ʻoi aku ma mua o nā kūlana," a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka lua ma waena o 0.01 mg a me 1 mg, pakele mākou i ka noʻonoʻo binary. ʻAʻole pili ka palekana meaʻai i ka pilikia ʻole, akāpilikia i mālama ʻia—he hana hui pū e koi ana i nā mea hoʻoponopono, nā mea hana, a me nā mea kūʻai aku e ʻapo i ka ʻepekema ma mua o ka hoʻokalakupua.