Pakati penyaya dziri kuramba dzichiwedzera dzekuchengetedza chikafu, mhando itsva yekit yekuyedza yakavakirwa paKuyedzwa kweImmunosorbent kwakabatana neEnzyme (ELISA)zvishoma nezvishoma iri kuva chishandiso chakakosha munyaya yekuongorora kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu. Haingopi nzira dzakarurama uye dzinoshanda dzekutarisa kunaka kwechikafu chete asiwo inovaka mutsetse wakasimba wekudzivirira kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu chevatengi.
Nheyo ye ELISA test kit iri pakushandisa nzira chaiyo yekubatanidza maantigen nema antibody kuti ione huwandu hwezvinhu zviri muchikafu kuburikidza nekugadzirwa kwemavara e enzyme-catalyzed substrate. Maitiro ayo ekushanda ari nyore uye ane hunyanzvi hwakanyanya uye anonzwisisa, zvichiita kuti zvikwanise kuzivikanwa nekuyera zvinhu zvinokuvadza muchikafu, zvakaita se aflatoxin, ochratoxin A, uyeT-2 chepfu.
Panyaya yemaitiro chaiwo ekushanda, kit yekuedza yeELISA inowanzo sanganisira matanho anotevera:
1. Kugadzirira sampuro: Chekutanga, sampuro yechikafu ichaedzwa inofanira kugadziriswa nemazvo, sekubviswa nekucheneswa, kuti pave nemushonga wesampuro unogona kushandiswa kuonekwa.
2. Kuwedzera sampuli: Mhinduro yemuenzaniso yakagadziriswa inowedzerwa kumatsime akasarudzwa muplate yeELISA, tsime rega rega riine chinhu chinofanira kuyedzwa.
3. Kuchengetedzwa kwemuviri: IRISA plate ine mienzaniso yakawedzerwa inochengetedzwa patembiricha yakakodzera kwenguva yakati kuti ibvumire kubatana kwakazara pakati pemaantigen nema antibodies.
4. Kugeza: Mushure mekuiswa mudumbu, mushonga wekugeza unoshandiswa kubvisa maantigen asina kusungwa kana ma antibodies, zvichideredza kupindirana kwekusunga kusina kujeka.
5.Kuwedzera substrate uye kukura kwemavara: Substrate solution inowedzerwa patsime rega rega, uye enzyme iri pa enzyme-labeled antibody inokonzeresa substrate kuti igadzire ruvara, zvichiita chigadzirwa chine ruvara.
6. Kuyera: Kukosha kwekunyudzwa kwechigadzirwa chine ruvara mutsime rega rega kunoyerwa uchishandisa zvishandiso zvakaita semuverengi weELISA. Zviri mukati mechinhu chinofanira kuyedzwa zvinozoverengerwa zvichibva pagwara rakajairika.
Kune zviitiko zvakawanda zvekushandiswa kwemakiti ekuyedza eELISA mukuongororwa kwekuchengetedzwa kwechikafu. Semuenzaniso, panguva yekutarisirwa kwekuchengetedzwa kwechikafu nguva dzose uye kuongororwa kwesampuli, vane masimba ekutonga musika vakashandisa kit yekuyedza yeELISA kuti vaone nekukurumidza uye nemazvo huwandu hwakawanda hweaflatoxin B1 mumafuta enzungu anogadzirwa nemuchina wemafuta. Matanho akakodzera ekuranga akatorwa nekukurumidza, zvichidzivirira zvinobudirira chinhu chinokuvadza kuti chisaise vatengi panjodzi.
Uyezve, nekuda kwekushanda kwayo nyore, kururama, uye kuvimbika, kit yekuyedza yeELISA inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukuyedza kuchengetedzeka kwezvikafu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakaita sezvigadzirwa zvemumvura, zvigadzirwa zvenyama, uye zvigadzirwa zvemukaka. Haingopfupisi nguva yekuona chete uye inovandudza kushanda kwayo asiwo inopa rutsigiro rwakasimba rwehunyanzvi kune vane masimba ekutonga kuti vasimbise kutarisirwa kwemusika wezvekudya.
Nekufambira mberi kuri kuramba kuchiita tekinoroji uye kuwedzera kweruzivo rwekuchengetedzwa kwechikafu pakati pevanhu, makit ekuyedza eELISA achaita basa rakakosha mumunda wekuyedza kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu. Mune ramangwana, tinotarisira kuenderera mberi kwekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji, pamwe chete tichikurudzira kukura kwakasimba kweindasitiri yekuchengetedza chikafu uye kupa vimbiso yakasimba yekuchengetedza chikafu chevatengi.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-12-2024