Munyaya yekuchengetedzeka kwechikafu, izwi rekuti "zvisaririra zvemishonga inouraya zvipembenene"Zvinogara zvichikonzera kuzvidya mwoyo kweveruzhinji. Kana mishumo yenhau ichiratidza kuti mishonga inouraya zvipembenene inowanikwa mumiriwo kubva kune imwe mhando, zvikamu zvemashoko zvinozadzwa nemazita anokonzerwa nekutya akadai sekuti "zvinogadzirwa zvine chepfu." Iyi pfungwa isiriyo—yekuenzanisa "zvinosara zvakaonekwa" ne "njodzi dzehutano"—yakaita kuti pave nekusava nechokwadi nekuchengetedzeka kwechikafu. Zvakakosha kugadzira hurongwa hwesainzi hwekuderedza ruzha nekufunga zvine musoro.
I. Kugadzika Kwakajairwa: Kuenzana Kwakajeka Pakati Pesainzi Nemaitiro
Miganhu yemishonga inouraya zvipembenene yakagadzwa neCodex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) ndiyo mugumo wezvidzidzo zvakawanda zvechepfu. Masayendisiti anoona Maximum No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) kuburikidza nekuyedza mhuka, vobva vashandisa zana-fold safety factor kuti vaverenge Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) yevanhu. Semuenzaniso, ADI yechlorpyrifosi0.01 mg/kg, zvichireva kuti munhu mukuru anorema 60 kg anogona kudya 0.6 mg zuva nezuva zvakachengeteka.
Mwero weChina wepari zvinoGB 2763-2021inovhara miganhu yezvisaririra zvezvipembenene 564 muzvikamu zvekudya 387, zvichienderana nemitemo muEU neUS Semuenzaniso, muganho weprocymidone mumaleeks i0.2 mg/kg muChina zvichienzaniswa ne0.1 mg/kg muEU. Misiyano yakadaro inobva mutsika dzekudya, kwete kusawirirana kukuru panyaya dzekuchengetedza.
II. Tekinoroji yeKuziva: Musungo weKuziva weZvishandiso Zvakarurama
Zvishandiso zvemazuva ano zvekuongorora zvinogona kuona zvasara pazvikamu pabhiriyoni (ppb)mazinga. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) inoona huwandu hwakaenzana nekunyungudutsa tsanga imwe chete yemunyu mudziva rekushambira rakakura seOlympic. Kunzwa uku kunoreva kuti masara "asingaonekwe" ari kuva mashoma. Muna 2024, masara emishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene akaonekwa mu68% yezvigadzirwa zvekurima zvakatorwa, asi 1.4% chete ndiyo yakapfuura miganhu - zvichiratidza kuti"Kuonekwa kwakajairika, kupfuudza mwero hakuwanzoitiki."
Iyohukuru hwezvisaririraZvakakosha zvikuru. Panyaya ye cypermethrin, muganho we citrus i2 mg/kg. Kuti munhu asvike padanho rine njodzi, anofanira kudya 200 kg ye citrus inotevedzera mitemo yekurapa - kuongororwa kwenjodzi kusina musoro sekunge kutya munyu wetafura (muyero unouraya wepakati: 3 g/kg).
III. Kutarisira Njodzi: Kudzivirira Kwakawanda Kwekuchengetedza Chikafu
Bazi rezvekurima reChina rakaita kufambira mberi kuburikidza nezvirongwa zvakaita se"Mushandirapamwe Wakakosha weKudzora Zvinodhaka Zvinorambidzwa uye Kuvandudza Hunhu," kusvika pa97.6% yekutevedzera mitemo muna 2024. Masisitimu ekutevera maBlockchain ikozvino anoongorora zvigadzirwa zvinosvika zviuru zviviri, achitevera mapoinzi makumi maviri nematatu edata kubva papurazi kusvika paforogo. Vatengi vanogona kuskena maQR code kuti vawane zvinyorwa zvekushandiswa kwemishonga inouraya zvipembenene nemishumo yemurabhoritari.
Kana vakatarisana ne "zvisaririra zvemishonga inouraya zvipembenene" mumishumo yebvunzo, vatengi vanofanira kuziva:kuonekwa ≠ kutyorwa kwemutemo, uye zvisaririra zvezvimedu hazvina njodzi kuhutano. Kusuka zvirimwa pasi pemvura inoyerera kwemasekonzi makumi matatu kunobvisa 80% yezvisaririra pamusoro. Zvine njodzi huru ndezvinotaurwa nevaya vanoti "mishonga yese inouraya zvipembenene inokuvadza," izvo zvinotyisidzira hwaro hwekurima kwemazuva ano.
Munguva ino ine ivhu rakaoma uye huwandu hwevanhu huri kukura, mishonga inouraya zvipembenene ichiri kukosha kuti pave nechikafu chakachengeteka. Nekusiyanisa "kuwanikwa" kubva "kupfuura mwero," uye kunzwisisa musiyano uri pakati pe0.01 mg ne1 mg, tinopukunyuka kufunga kwebinary. Kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu hakusi kwekusakwanisa kuva nenjodzi, asinjodzi inotarisirwa—basa rekushandira pamwe rinoda kuti vatongi, vagadziri, nevatengi vagamuchire sainzi pane kushamisa.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-16-2025