Tare da inganta yanayin rayuwa, masu amfani suna ba da hankali ga inganci da amincin nama. A matsayin kayan abinci na yau da kullun guda biyu, nama mai sanyi da daskararre galibi sune batun muhawara game da "dandano" da "amincinsu". Shin daskararre naman da gaske ya fi naman daskararre lafiya? Shin daskararrun nama suna ɗaukar ƙarin ƙwayoyin cuta saboda adana dogon lokaci? Wannan labarin ya yi cikakken nazarin bambance-bambancen aminci tsakanin su biyun ta hanyar bayanan gwaji na kimiyya, fassarorin ƙwararru, da nazarin yanayin amfani, samar da mabukaci tushen ma'ana don yin zaɓi.
- Chilled Nama vs. Daskararre Nama: Kwatanta Ma'anoni da Tsarukan Sarrafa
1)Naman Sanyi: Ana Kiyaye Fresh a Ƙananan Zazzabi A Duk Tsari
Nama mai sanyi, wanda kuma aka sani da nama mai sanyi wanda aka cire lactic acid, yana bin waɗannan matakan sarrafawa:
- Sanyi Mai Sauri Bayan Yanka: Bayan yanka, gawar tana saurin sanyaya zuwa 0-4°C cikin awanni 2 don hana haifuwa na ƙwayoyin cuta.
- Cire Lactic Acid: Sa'an nan kuma a bar shi don hutawa a cikin yanayin zafin jiki na tsawon sa'o'i 24-48 don lalata lactic acid, tausasa zaruruwan tsoka, da haɓaka dandano.
- Jirgin Ruwa na Sanyi Gabaɗaya: Daga sarrafawa zuwa siyarwa, ana kiyaye zafin jiki tsakanin kewayon 0-4°C, tare da rayuwar yau da kullun na kwanaki 3-7.
2)Daskararre Nama: Makullan daskarewa cikin sauri a cikin "Jihar Asalin"
Tushen sarrafa naman daskararre ya ta'allaka ne a cikin "fasaha mai daskarewa cikin sauri":
- Daskarewa da sauri: Sabon nama bayan yanka yana daskarewa da sauri a cikin yanayin da ke ƙasa da -28 ° C, yana haifar da ruwa a cikin salula don samar da ƙananan lu'ulu'u na kankara, rage lalacewar ingancin nama.
- Adana na dogon lokaci: Ana iya adana shi a cikin injin daskarewa akai-akai a -18 ° C na watanni 6-12 kuma yakamata a sha shi da wuri-wuri bayan narke.
Mabuɗin Bambanci:Nama mai sanyi yana jaddada "sabo da ɗanɗano mai taushi" amma yana da gajeriyar taga ajiya. Daskararre nama yana sadaukar da ɗanɗano don rayuwa mai tsayi.
- Jimlar Gwajin Ƙididdigar Kwayoyin cutaGwaji: Kalubale Biyu na Lokaci da Zazzabi
Don kwatanta amincin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na nau'ikan nama guda biyu, wata cibiyar gwaji mai iko ta gudanar da gwajin rukuni-rukuni akan naman alade daga tsari iri ɗaya, yana daidaita yanayin ajiyar gida:
Tsarin Gwaji
- Samfurin Ƙungiya: An raba ƙwayar naman alade naman alade zuwa ƙungiyar nama mai sanyi (mai sanyi a 0-4 ° C) da ƙungiyar nama mai daskarewa (daskararre a -18 ° C).
- Wuraren Lokaci na Gwaji: Rana ta 1 (jihar farko), Rana ta 3, Ranar 7, da Rana ta 14 (ga ƙungiyar daskararre kawai).
- Manufofin Gwaji: Jimlar adadin ƙwayoyin cuta (CFU/g), ƙwayoyin cuta na coliform, da ƙwayoyin cuta masu haɗari (SalmonellakumaStaphylococcus aureus).
Sakamakon Gwaji
| Lokacin Gwaji | Jimlar Ƙididdiga na Bakteriya don Nama Chilled (CFU/g) | Jimlar Ƙididdiga na Bakteriya na Nama daskararre (CFU/g) |
| Rana ta 1 | 3.2×10 | 1.1 × 10 |
| Rana ta 3 | 8.5×10 | 1.3 × 10⁴ (ba a narke) |
| Rana ta 7 | 2.3×10⁷ (wuce iyakar ƙa'idar ƙasa) | 1.5 × 10 ⁴ (ba a narke) |
| Rana ta 14 | - | 2.8 × 10 ⁴ (ba a narke) |
Gwajin Nama Daskararre Bayan Narke:
Bayan narkewa da sanya shi a cikin yanayin 4°C na tsawon awanni 24, jimlar adadin ƙwayoyin cuta sun haura zuwa 4.8 × 10⁵ CFU/g, suna gabatowa matakin nama mai sanyi a ranar 3.
Ƙarshen Gwaji
1) Chilled Nama: Jimlar adadin ƙwayoyin cuta yana ƙaruwa da yawa akan lokaci, ya zarce iyakar 1 × 10⁷ CFU/g da aka ƙayyade a cikin "Ma'aunin Tsaron Abinci na Ƙasa" na kasar Sin (GB 2707-2016) ta ranar 7.
2) Naman daskararre: Haifuwa na ƙwayoyin cuta yana kusan tsayawa a -18 ° C, amma ayyukan ƙwayoyin cuta suna dawowa da sauri bayan narke, yana haɓaka lalacewa.
3) Haɗarin Kwayoyin cuta: Ba a gano ƙwayoyin cuta irin su Salmonella a cikin kowane rukuni na samfuran ba. Koyaya, yawan adadin ƙwayoyin cuta da ya wuce kima na iya haifar da lalacewa da ƙamshi, yana ƙara haɗarin amfani.
- Kuskuren Amfani da Jagorar Sayen Kimiyya
Rashin fahimta 1: Shin tabbas naman da aka sanyaya ya fi naman daskararre lafiya?
Gaskiya: Amincin duka biyu ya dogara da yanayin ajiya. Idan an fallasa nama mai sanyi a kan manyan kantuna na dogon lokaci ko kuma a adana shi a cikin gida sama da kwanaki uku, haɗarin na iya zama sama da na naman daskararre.
Rashin fahimta 2: Shin naman daskararre yana fama da asarar sinadirai masu mahimmanci?
Gaskiya: Fasaha mai saurin daskarewa na zamani na iya riƙe sama da 90% na abubuwan gina jiki, yayin da sanyin nama yana da saurin rasa bitamin kamar B1 saboda iskar oxygen da halayen hydrolysis na enzymatic.
Shawarwari na Sayen Kimiyya da Ajiya
1) Don Naman Sanyi:
Lokacin siye, lura da launi (ja mai haske tare da sheki), laushi (dan ɗanɗano da ɗanɗano ba mai ɗanɗano ba), da wari (ba tare da ƙamshi mai tsami ko bacin rai ba).
Don ajiyar gida, rufe naman da filastik filastik kuma sanya shi a cikin mafi sanyi na firiji (yawanci kusa da bangon baya), cinye shi cikin kwanaki uku.
2)Don Naman Daskararre:
Zaɓi samfuran da ke da ƙaramin lu'ulu'u na kankara da marufi mara lahani, guje wa "naman aljanu" wanda aka narke kuma aka sake daskararre.
Lokacin da narke, yi amfani da hanyar "hawan zafin jiki a hankali": canja wurin daga injin daskarewa zuwa firiji na tsawon sa'o'i 12, sannan a jiƙa a cikin ruwan gishiri don haifuwa.
3)Gabaɗaya Ka'idoji:
A wanke saman naman da ruwan gudu kafin a dafa abinci, amma a guji jiƙa na tsawon lokaci.
Tabbatar cewa zafin dafa abinci na ciki ya kai sama da 75 ° C don hana ƙwayoyin cuta sosai.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris-04-2025