labarai

I. Tsarin Daidaitacce: Daidaito Mai Sauƙi Tsakanin Kimiyya da Aiki

Iyakokin ragowar magungunan kashe kwari da Hukumar Codex Alimentarius (CAC) ta kafa sune ƙarshen dubban nazarin guba. Masana kimiyya suna tantance Matsakaicin Matsayin Tasirin da Ba a Lura da Shi ba (NOAEL) ta hanyar gwaje-gwajen dabbobi, sannan su yi amfani da ma'aunin aminci sau 100 don ƙididdige Amfani da Kullum (ADI) ga mutane. Misali, ADI donchlorpyrifosshine 0.01 mg/kg, ma'ana babba mai nauyin kilogiram 60 zai iya shan 0.6 mg lafiya a rana.

Matsayin China na yanzuGB 2763-2021Ya ƙunshi iyakokin ragowar magungunan kashe kwari guda 564 a cikin nau'ikan abinci guda 387, waɗanda suka yi daidai da ƙa'idodi a cikin EU da Amurka. Misali, iyakar procymidone a cikin leeks shine 0.2 mg/kg a China idan aka kwatanta da 0.1 mg/kg a cikin EU. Irin waɗannan bambance-bambancen sun samo asali ne daga halaye na abinci, ba rashin jituwa na asali kan aminci ba.

II. Fasahar Ganowa: Tarkon Fahimta na Kayan Aiki Masu Daidaito

Kayan aikin nazari na zamani na iya gano ragowar abubuwa asassa a kowace biliyan (ppb)matakan. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) yana gano yawan da ya yi daidai da narkar da ƙwayar gishiri guda ɗaya a cikin wurin ninkaya na Olympics. Wannan yanayin yana nufin cewa ragowar "ba za a iya gano su" suna zama da wuya. A cikin 2024, an gano ragowar magungunan kashe kwari na yau da kullun a cikin kashi 68% na kayayyakin noma da aka ɗauki samfurin, duk da haka kashi 1.4% ne kawai ya wuce iyaka - yana tabbatar da cewa"Gano abu ne da aka saba gani, wuce gona da iri abu ne da ba kasafai ake gani ba."

Thegirman ragowarYana da matuƙar muhimmanci. Ga cypermethrin, iyakar citrus shine 2 mg/kg. Domin isa ga adadin da ke da haɗari, mutum zai buƙaci ya sha kilogiram 200 na citrus masu dacewa - kimanta haɗari mara ma'ana kamar tsoron gishirin tebur (matsakaicin adadin da ke kashe mutum: 3 g/kg).

III. Gudanar da Hadari: Tsaro Mai Faɗi Da Yawa Don Tsaron Abinci

Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta China ta samu ci gaba ta hanyar shirye-shirye kamar"Kamfe na Musamman kan Kula da Abubuwan da Aka Haramta da Inganta Inganci," cimma nasarar bin ƙa'idar kashi 97.6% a shekarar 2024. Tsarin bin diddigin fasahar blockchain yanzu yana sa ido kan tushen samarwa 2,000, yana bin diddigin wuraren bayanai 23 daga gona zuwa cokali mai yatsu. Masu amfani za su iya duba lambobin QR don samun damar yin amfani da bayanan amfani da magungunan kwari da rahotannin dakin gwaje-gwaje.

Idan aka fuskanci "ragowar magungunan kashe kwari" a cikin rahotannin gwaji, ya kamata masu amfani su gane:ganowa ≠ keta doka, da kuma ragowar da ba su da wata illa ga lafiya. Wanke amfanin gona a ƙarƙashin ruwan da ke gudana na tsawon daƙiƙa 30 yana cire kashi 80% na ragowar saman ƙasa. Mafi haɗari su ne ikirarin da masu tsattsauran ra'ayi kamar "dukkan magungunan kashe kwari suna da illa," waɗanda ke barazana ga tushen noma na zamani.

A zamanin da ake fama da matsalar filaye masu noma da kuma karuwar yawan jama'a, magungunan kashe kwari suna da matukar muhimmanci ga tsaron abinci. Ta hanyar bambance "ganowa" daga "wuce gona da iri," da kuma fahimtar bambancin da ke tsakanin 0.01 mg da 1 mg, mun kauce wa tunanin binary. Tsaron abinci ba game da haɗari ba ne, ammahaɗarin da aka sarrafa— wani aiki na haɗin gwiwa da ke buƙatar masu kula da harkokin mulki, masu samarwa, da masu amfani da su rungumi kimiyya maimakon abin mamaki.