Nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem kev nyab xeeb zaub mov uas hnyav zuj zus tuaj, ib hom khoom siv kuaj tshiab raws liKev Ntsuas Tshuaj Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)maj mam dhau los ua ib qho cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv kev sim kev nyab xeeb zaub mov. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog muab cov txheej txheem tseeb dua thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo dua rau kev saib xyuas cov khoom noj zoo xwb tab sis kuj tsim kom muaj kab tiv thaiv zoo rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg siv khoom cov zaub mov.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm ELISA cov khoom siv kuaj yog siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb ntawm antigen thiab antibody los txiav txim siab qhov ntau ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom lag luam hauv cov zaub mov los ntawm kev tsim cov xim substrate-catalyzed enzyme. Nws cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm yog qhov yooj yim thiab muaj qhov tshwj xeeb thiab rhiab heev, ua rau muaj kev txheeb xyuas thiab ntsuas cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv cov zaub mov, xws li aflatoxin, ochratoxin A, thiabCov tshuaj lom T-2.
Hais txog cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb, cov khoom siv kuaj ELISA feem ntau muaj cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:
1. Kev npaj cov qauv: Ua ntej, cov qauv zaub mov uas yuav tsum tau kuaj yuav tsum tau ua kom raug, xws li kev rho tawm thiab kev ntxuav, kom tau txais cov kua qauv uas siv tau rau kev kuaj pom.
2. Ntxiv cov qauv: Cov kua qauv uas tau ua tiav lawm raug ntxiv rau hauv cov qhov uas tau teev tseg hauv lub phaj ELISA, nrog rau txhua lub qhov sib raug rau cov tshuaj uas yuav tsum tau kuaj.
3. Kev Nqus: Lub phaj ELISA nrog cov qauv ntxiv raug muab tso rau ntawm qhov kub thiab txias kom haum rau ib lub sijhawm kom tso cai rau kev sib txuas tag nrho ntawm cov antigens thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
4. Ntxuav: Tom qab kev sib xyaw ua ke, cov tshuaj ntxuav yog siv los tshem tawm cov antigens lossis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tsis khi, txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev khi tsis tshwj xeeb.
5.Ntxiv cov khoom siv thiab kev tsim xim: Cov kua tshuaj ntawm cov khoom siv raug ntxiv rau txhua lub qhov, thiab cov enzyme ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj daim ntawv lo rau enzyme ua rau cov khoom siv no tsim xim, tsim cov khoom muaj xim.
6. Kev Ntsuas: Tus nqi absorbance ntawm cov khoom muaj xim hauv txhua lub qhov dej raug ntsuas siv cov cuab yeej xws li lub tshuab nyeem ntawv ELISA. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj uas yuav tsum tau kuaj ces raug suav raws li tus qauv nkhaus.
Muaj ntau qhov piv txwv ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv kuaj ELISA hauv kev kuaj kev nyab xeeb zaub mov. Piv txwv li, thaum lub sijhawm saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb zaub mov thiab kev kuaj xyuas cov qauv, cov tub ceev xwm tswj hwm kev lag luam tau siv cov khoom siv kuaj ELISA los ntes cov aflatoxin B1 ntau dhau hauv cov roj txiv laum huab xeeb uas tsim los ntawm lub tshuab roj. Cov kev rau txim tsim nyog tau ua tam sim ntawd, tiv thaiv cov tshuaj lom neeg kom tsis txhob ua rau cov neeg siv khoom muaj kev phom sij.
Ntxiv mus, vim nws yooj yim siv, raug, thiab ntseeg tau, cov khoom siv kuaj ELISA no siv dav hauv kev kuaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm ntau yam khoom noj xws li cov khoom siv hauv dej, cov khoom nqaij, thiab cov khoom siv mis nyuj. Nws tsis tsuas yog ua kom lub sijhawm kuaj pom luv dua thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo xwb tab sis kuj muab kev txhawb nqa kev txawj ntse rau cov tub ceev xwm los txhawb kev saib xyuas kev lag luam khoom noj.
Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm thev naus laus zis thiab kev paub txog kev nyab xeeb zaub mov ntawm cov neeg, cov khoom siv kuaj ELISA yuav ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev sim zaub mov kev nyab xeeb. Yav tom ntej, peb tos ntsoov rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm thev naus laus zis, ua ke txhawb kev txhim kho ntawm kev lag luam kev nyab xeeb zaub mov thiab muab kev lees paub zoo dua rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg siv khoom noj.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Ob Hlis-12-2024