nkhani

1. Zizindikiro za Kuopsa kwa Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pa Zakudya Zomwe Zikutha Ntchito Pafupi ndi Nthawi Yogwira Ntchito

Kuipitsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimawononga chakudya. Malinga ndi National Food Safety Standard (GB 7101-2015), mabakiteriya opatsirana (monga,Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus) sayenera kupezeka muzakudya, pomwe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga coliforms tiyenera kulamulidwa mkati mwa malire odziwika. Komabe, zakudya zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha ntchito zitha kukumana ndi zoopsa izi posunga ndi kunyamula:

1)Kusintha kwa Zachilengedwe:Kusintha kwa kutentha ndi chinyezi kungayambitse tizilombo tomwe sitili tomwe timagona, zomwe zimawonjezera kuchulukana kwawo. Mwachitsanzo, pambuyo poti unyolo wozizira wasweka, kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya a lactic acid mu mtundu wina wa yogurt kumawonjezeka ka 50 mkati mwa maola 24, limodzi ndi kukula kwa nkhungu.

2)Kulephera kwa Mapaketi:Kutuluka kwa madzi m'mabokosi osungiramo zinthu zotayira mpweya kapena kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zosungira kungayambitse kufalikira kwa mabakiteriya.

3)Kuipitsidwa ndi Zinthu Zina:Kusakaniza zakudya zatsopano ndi zakudya zomwe zakonzedwa kale m'masitolo ogulitsa kungayambitse tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timatuluka kunja.

2. Mkhalidwe Wapano Wovumbulutsidwa ndi Deta Yoyesera

Kuwunika kwa anthu ena kwa zakudya zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha mu 2024 komwe kunachitika pamsika kunavumbula kuti:

Chiŵerengero Choyenerera:92.3% ya zitsanzo zinakwaniritsa miyezo ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ngakhale izi zinali kuchepa kwa 4.7% poyerekeza ndi nthawi yoyambirira yosungiramo zinthu.

Magulu Omwe Ali Pangozi Yaikulu:

1) Zakudya zokhala ndi chinyezi chambiri (monga chakudya chokonzeka kudyedwa, mkaka): 7% ya zitsanzo zinali ndi chiwerengero chonse cha mabakiteriya chomwe chinali pafupi ndi malire olamulira.

2) Zakudya zokhala ndi asidi wochepa (monga buledi, makeke): 3% adapezeka kuti ali ndi mycotoxins.

Mavuto Ofala:Zakudya zina zomwe zinatumizidwa kunja zomwe zinali zitatsala pang'ono kutha ntchito zinasonyeza kukula kwakukulu kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda chifukwa cha kusamasulira bwino zilembo, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti zinthu zisasungidwe bwino.

3. Nzeru za Sayansi Zomwe Zimapangitsa Kuti Moyo Ukhale Wosavuta Kusunga

Nthawi yosungira chakudya si nthawi yoti chakudya chikhale chotetezeka koma ndi nthawi yodziwira zinthu mosamala kutengera nthawi yoyezetsa chakudya mwachangu (ASLT). Zitsanzo ndi izi:

Zakudya za Mkaka:Pa 4°C, nthawi yosungira mabakiteriya nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pa 60% ya nthawi yomwe imafunika kuti chiwerengero chonse cha mabakiteriya chifike pamlingo woyenera.

Zakudya Zokometsera:Ngati ntchito ya madzi ili pansi pa 0.6, zoopsa za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zimakhala zochepa, ndipo nthawi yosungira madzi imatsimikiziridwa makamaka ndi nkhawa za lipid oxidation.
Izi zikusonyeza kuti zakudya zomwe zimasungidwa motsatira malamulo okhwima zimakhalabe zotetezeka, ngakhale kuti zoopsa zochepa zimawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono.

4. Mavuto a Makampani ndi Njira Zowongolera

Mavuto Amene Alipo

1)Mipata mu Kuwunika Unyolo Wopereka Zinthu:Pafupifupi 35% ya ogulitsa alibe njira zodzitetezera kutentha kwa zakudya zomwe zimatsala pang'ono kutha ntchito.

2)Ukadaulo Woyesera Wakale:Njira zolerera zachikhalidwe zimafuna maola 48 kuti zipeze zotsatira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zisagwiritsidwe ntchito mofulumira.

3)Kusakwanira Kukonza Koyenera:Miyezo ya dziko lino yomwe ilipo panopa ilibe malire osiyana a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pa zakudya zomwe zimatsala pang'ono kutha ntchito.

Malangizo Okonza

1)Khazikitsani Njira Zowunikira Zosinthasintha:

1. Limbikitsani ukadaulo wozindikira za ATP bioluminescence kuti muyesedwe mwachangu pamalopo (zotsatira za mphindi 30).
2. Gwiritsani ntchito ukadaulo wa blockchain kuti mupeze deta ya malo osungiramo zinthu.

2)Limbikitsani Kukhazikika:

1. Yambitsani zofunikira zowonjezera pa mayeso a magulu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu panthawi yomwe matendawa akutha.
2. Gwiritsani ntchito njira yoyendetsera zinthu motsatira malamulo a EU Regulation (EC) No 2073/2005, kutengera momwe zinthu zimasungidwira.

3)Limbikitsani Maphunziro a Ogwiritsa Ntchito:

1. Onetsani malipoti a mayeso enieni kudzera mu ma QR code omwe ali pa phukusi.
2. Phunzitsani ogula za "kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yomweyo ngati zinthu sizikuyenda bwino."

5. Mapeto ndi Chiyembekezo

Deta yomwe ilipo pano ikusonyeza kuti zakudya zomwe zimasamalidwa bwino zomwe zimatsala pang'ono kutha ntchito zimasunga miyezo yapamwamba yotsatizana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komabe zoopsa zomwe zimachitika mu unyolo woperekera zakudya zimafunika kusamala. Tikulimbikitsanso kupanga njira yogwirira ntchito limodzi yoyang'anira zoopsa zomwe zimaphatikizapo opanga, ogulitsa, ndi owongolera, pamodzi ndi kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo woyesera mwachangu komanso kukonzanso bwino. Poyang'ana patsogolo, kugwiritsa ntchito ma phukusi anzeru (monga zizindikiro za kutentha kwa nthawi) kudzathandiza kuwongolera bwino komanso kothandiza kwambiri zakudya zomwe zimatsala pang'ono kutha ntchito.