Nthawi yophukira ndi nthawi yokolola chimanga, makamaka, pamene mzere wa mkaka wa chimanga umatha, mdima umaonekera pansi, ndipo chinyezi cha chimangacho chimatsika kufika pamlingo winawake, chimangacho chimaonedwa kuti chakhwima komanso chokonzeka kukolola. Chimanga chomwe chimakololedwa panthawiyi sichimangokolola kwambiri komanso chimakhala chabwino, komanso chimapangitsa kuti chisungidwe ndikukonzedwanso pambuyo pake.
Chimanga chimatchuka ngati chimodzi mwa mbewu zofunika kwambiri. Komabe, nthawi yomweyo, chimanga chingakhalenso ndi ma mycotoxin ena, kuphatikizapo aflatoxin B1, vomitoxin ndi zearalenone, zomwe zingakhale zoopsa pa thanzi la anthu ndi nyama, motero zimafuna njira zoyesera bwino komanso njira zowongolera kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo ndi ubwino wa chimanga ndi zinthu zake.
1. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)
Zinthu zazikulu: Aflatoxin ndi mycotoxin yodziwika bwino, yomwe aflatoxin B1 ndi imodzi mwa mycotoxins zofala kwambiri, zoopsa komanso zoyambitsa khansa. Ndi yokhazikika pa physicochemical ndipo imafunika kutentha kwambiri kwa 269℃ kuti iwonongeke.
Zoopsa: Poizoni woopsa angawonekere monga kutentha thupi, kusanza, kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya, jaundice, ndi zina zotero. Pa milandu yoopsa, ascites, kutupa kwa miyendo ya m'munsi, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, kapena imfa yadzidzidzi ingachitike. Kudya aflatoxin B1 kwa nthawi yayitali kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa khansa ya chiwindi, makamaka omwe ali ndi chiwindi amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ndipo amayambitsa khansa ya chiwindi.
2. Vomitoxin (Deoxynivalenol, DON)
Zinthu zazikulu: Vomitoxin ndi mycotoxin ina yodziwika bwino, mphamvu zake za physicochemical ndizokhazikika, ngakhale kutentha kwambiri kwa 120 ℃, ndipo sizophweka kuwonongeka pansi pa acidity.
Zoopsa: Poizoni amaonekera makamaka m'matenda am'mimba ndi mitsempha, monga nseru, kusanza, mutu, chizungulire, kupweteka m'mimba, kutsegula m'mimba, ndi zina zotero, zina zingawonekenso ngati kufooka, kusasangalala, kutuluka m'magazi, kusakhazikika kwa thupi ndi zizindikiro zina monga kuledzera.
3. Zearalenone (ZEN)
Zinthu zazikulu: Zearalenone ndi mtundu wa mycotoxin wosakhala wa steroidal wokhala ndi mphamvu ya estrogenic, mphamvu zake za physicochemical ndizokhazikika, ndipo kuipitsidwa kwake mu chimanga ndikofala kwambiri.
Zoopsa: Zimakhudza kwambiri njira zoberekera, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri ku nyama monga nkhumba, ndipo zingayambitse kusabereka komanso kutaya mimba. Ngakhale palibe malipoti okhudza poizoni kwa anthu, akuganiza kuti matenda a anthu okhudzana ndi estrogen akhoza kukhala okhudzana ndi poizoniyo.
Pulogalamu Yoyesera Kwinbon Mycotoxin mu Chimanga
- 1. Kiti Yoyesera ya Elisa ya Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)
LOD: 2.5ppb
Kuzindikira: 0.1ppb
- 2. Kiti Yoyesera ya Elisa ya Vomitoxin (DON)
LOD: 100ppb
Kuzindikira: 2ppb
- 3. Kiti Yoyesera ya Elisa ya Zearalenone (ZEN)
LOD: 20ppb
Kuzindikira: 1ppb
- 1. Mzere Woyesera Mwachangu wa Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)
LOD: 5-100ppb
- 2. Mzere Woyesera Mwachangu wa Vomitoxin (DON)
LOD: 500-5000ppb
- 3. Mzere Woyesera Mwachangu wa Zearalenone (ZEN)
LOD: 50-1500ppb
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-26-2024