nkhani

I. Kukhazikitsa Koyenera: Kulinganiza Kosavuta Pakati pa Sayansi ndi Machitidwe

Malire a zotsalira za mankhwala ophera tizilombo omwe adakhazikitsidwa ndi Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) ndi chimake cha maphunziro ambirimbiri a poizoni. Asayansi amazindikira Maximum No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) kudzera mu zoyeserera za nyama, kenako amagwiritsa ntchito chitetezo cha nthawi 100 kuti awerengere Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) ya anthu. Mwachitsanzo, ADI yachlorpyrifosndi 0.01 mg/kg, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti munthu wamkulu wolemera makilogalamu 60 akhoza kumwa 0.6 mg tsiku lililonse mosamala.

Muyezo wamakono wa ku ChinaGB 2763-2021imaphimba malire a zotsalira za mankhwala ophera tizilombo 564 m'magulu 387 azakudya, mogwirizana ndi malamulo ku EU ndi US. Mwachitsanzo, malire a procymidone mu ma leek ndi 0.2 mg/kg ku China poyerekeza ndi 0.1 mg/kg ku EU. Kusiyana kumeneku kumachokera ku zizolowezi zakudya, osati kusagwirizana kwakukulu pankhani ya chitetezo.

II. Ukadaulo Wozindikira: Msampha Wozindikira wa Zipangizo Zolondola

Zipangizo zamakono zowunikira zimatha kuzindikira zotsalira pamagawo pa biliyoni (ppb)milingo. Madzi a chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) amazindikira kuchuluka kwa mchere kofanana ndi kusungunuka kwa kambewu kamodzi ka mchere mu dziwe losambira lalikulu ngati Olympic. Kuzindikira kumeneku kumatanthauza kuti zotsalira "zosawoneka" zikuyamba kuchepa. Mu 2024, zotsalira za mankhwala ophera tizilombo zinapezeka mu 68% ya zinthu zaulimi zomwe zinatengedwa, koma 1.4% yokha inadutsa malire - kutsimikizira kuti"Kuzindikira n'kofala, kupitirira miyezo n'kosowa."

Thekukula kwa zotsaliraChofunika kwambiri ndi chakuti cypermethrin, malire a citrus ndi 2 mg/kg. Kuti munthu afike pa mlingo woopsa, ayenera kudya 200 kg ya citrus yovomerezeka—kuwerengera zoopsa zomwe sizingachitike ngati kuopa mchere wa tebulo (mlingo wapakati wakupha: 3 g/kg).

III. Kuwongolera Zoopsa: Chitetezo Chosiyanasiyana cha Chitetezo cha Chakudya

Unduna wa Zaulimi ku China wapita patsogolo kudzera mu njira monga"Kampeni Yapadera Yokhudza Kulamulira Mankhwala Oletsedwa ndi Kukonza Ubwino," kukwaniritsa chiŵerengero chovomerezeka cha 97.6% mu 2024. Machitidwe otsatira a Blockchain tsopano akuyang'anira maziko 2,000 opanga, kutsatira mfundo 23 za data kuyambira pafamu mpaka foloko. Ogula amatha kusanthula ma QR code kuti apeze zolemba zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi malipoti a labu.

Akakumana ndi "zotsalira za mankhwala ophera tizilombo" m'malipoti oyesera, ogula ayenera kuzindikira:kuzindikira ≠ kuphwanya malamulo, ndipo zotsalira zochepa sizibweretsa chiopsezo ku thanzi. Kutsuka zokolola pansi pa madzi oyenda kwa masekondi 30 kumachotsa 80% ya zotsalira pamwamba. Zoopsa kwambiri ndi zomwe anthu amanena kuti "mankhwala onse ophera tizilombo ndi owopsa," zomwe zimawopseza maziko a ulimi wamakono.

Mu nthawi ya nthaka yovuta yolima komanso kuchuluka kwa anthu, mankhwala ophera tizilombo akadali ofunikira kwambiri kuti chakudya chikhale chotetezeka. Mwa kusiyanitsa "kupeza" ndi "kupitirira miyezo," ndikumvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pa 0.01 mg ndi 1 mg, timathawa kuganiza za binary. Chitetezo cha chakudya sichikutanthauza chiopsezo chilichonse, komachiopsezo choyendetsedwa—ntchito yogwirizana yomwe imafuna olamulira, opanga, ndi ogula kuti alandire sayansi m'malo mochita zinthu zokopa chidwi.