nkhani

I. Makhazikitsidwe Okhazikika: Kusakhazikika Kwapakati Pakati pa Sayansi ndi Zochita

Malire otsalira ophera tizilombo omwe akhazikitsidwa ndi Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) ndiye chimaliziro cha masauzande ambiri a maphunziro oopsa. Asayansi amazindikira Maximum No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) kupyolera muzoyesera za nyama, kenaka gwiritsani ntchito 100-fold factor factor to count Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) kwa anthu. Mwachitsanzo, ADI yachlorpyrifos0.01 mg/kg, kutanthauza kuti munthu wamkulu wolemera makilogalamu 60 akhoza kudya 0,6 mg tsiku lililonse.

Mulingo wapano waku ChinaGB 2763-2021imayika malire otsalira a mankhwala ophera tizilombo 564 m'magulu 387 a zakudya, zomwe zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi malamulo ku EU ndi US Mwachitsanzo, malire a procymidone mu leeks ndi 0.2 mg/kg ku China motsutsana ndi 0.1 mg/kg ku EU. Kusiyana koteroko kumabwera chifukwa cha kadyedwe kake, osati kusagwirizana kwenikweni pankhani ya chitetezo.

II. Ukadaulo Wozindikira: Msampha Wachidziwitso wa Zida Zolondola

Zida zamakono zowunikira zimatha kuzindikira zotsalira pamagawo pa biliyoni (ppb)milingo. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) imazindikira kuchuluka kwake kofanana ndi kusungunula kambewu kamodzi ka mchere mu dziwe losambira lalikulu la Olimpiki. Kukhudzika kumeneku kumatanthauza kuti zotsalira "zosawoneka" zikukhala zosowa. Mu 2024, zotsalira za mankhwala ophera tizilombo zidapezeka mu 68% yazaulimi zomwe zidatengedwa, koma 1.4% yokha idadutsa malire - kutsimikizira kuti"kuzindikira ndikofala, kupitilira miyezo ndikosowa."

Thekuchuluka kwa zotsalirankhani mozama. Kwa cypermethrin, malire a citrus ndi 2 mg/kg. Kuti akwaniritse mlingo wowopsa, munthu angafunikire kudya 200 kg ya zipatso za citrus zomwe zimagwirizana - kuwunika kwachiwopsezo kumakhala kopanda nzeru ngati mchere wowopsa wapagome (mlingo wakupha wapakatikati: 3 g/kg).

III. Kuwongolera Zowopsa: Chitetezo Chambiri Choteteza Chakudya

Unduna wa zamalimidwe ku China wapita patsogolo kudzera munjira ngati"Kampeni Yapadera pa Kuwongolera Zinthu Zoletsedwa ndi Kupititsa patsogolo Ubwino," kukwaniritsa 97,6% kutsata mlingo mu 2024. Machitidwe a blockchain traceability tsopano amayang'anira maziko opangira 2,000, kutsatira mfundo za 23 kuchokera ku famu kupita ku foloko. Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kusanthula ma QR kuti apeze zolemba zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo komanso malipoti a labu.

Akakumana ndi "zotsalira za mankhwala ophera tizilombo" m'malipoti oyesa, ogula ayenera kuzindikira:kuzindikira ≠ kuphwanya, ndipo zotsalira zotsalira sizingawononge thanzi. Kutsuka zokolola pansi pa madzi oyenda kwa masekondi 30 kumachotsa 80% ya zotsalira zapamtunda. Choopsa kwambiri ndi zonena za absolutist monga "mankhwala onse ophera tizilombo ndi owopsa," zomwe zikuwopseza maziko a ulimi wamakono.

M’nthawi ya kusowa kwa malo olimidwa komanso kukwera kwa chiwerengero cha anthu, mankhwala ophera tizilombo n’ngofunikabe kuti pakhale chakudya chokwanira. Posiyanitsa "kuzindikira" ndi "miyezo yopitilira," ndikumvetsetsa phompho lomwe lili pakati pa 0.01 mg ndi 1 mg, timathawa malingaliro oyimba. Kutetezedwa kwa chakudya sikuli pachiwopsezo cha zero, komachiopsezo choyendetsedwa-ntchito yothandizana yomwe ikufuna owongolera, opanga, ndi ogula kuti agwirizane ndi sayansi pazosangalatsa.