Mumakore achangopfuura, nekukurumidza kukura kweaquaculture, zvigadzirwa zvemumvura zvave zvakakosha patafura yekudyira. Zvakadaro, nekuda kwekutsvaga goho repamusoro nekudhura kwakaderera, vamwe varimi vanoramba vachishandisa mishonga yekurapa mhuka zvisiri pamutemo. Yazvino 2024 National Report yeVeterinary Drug Residues muAquatic Products yakaburitswa neNational Food Quality uye Safety Supervision and Inspection Center inoratidza kuti mapoka masere ezvigadzirwa zvemumvura anoratidza huwandu hwakanyanya hwekuonekwa kwemishonga yakarambidzwa yemhuka zvichienzaniswa nevamwe, zvichimutsa kushushikana kwevatengi.
I. Risk List: Sei Izvi Zvisere Zvigadzirwa Zvemvura Zviine Ngozi Yakanyanya?
Zvichienderana nedatha yekuyedza yenyika kubva zviuru zvitatu zvezvigadzirwa zvemumvura, mapoka anotevera anoonekwa senjodzi huru nekuda kwekurima, kurwisa zvirwere, uye zvimwe zvinhu:
- Kurimwa Perch/Trout:Detectedmalachite greenuye nitrofuran metabolites
- Shrimp (Prawns, Kuruma Shrimp):15% kudarika mwero weenrofloxacin
- Shellfish (Oyster, Scallops):Njodzi mbiri dzesimbi inorema uyechloramphenicol
- Kamba Dzakapfava:Yakawanikwa yakarambidzwa kukura mahormone
- Bullfrogs:Yakakurumbira zvakasara zve furazolidone metabolites
- Eels:Kakawanda pakavanda kushandiswa kwe malachite green
- Eels (Zvinechekuita kunze kwenyika):Multiple mhiri kwemakungwa mishumo ye sulfonamide overlimits
- Tilapia:Yakawanikwa novel antibiotic florfenicol
Gwaro iri rinoratidza kuti kurima kwakawanda kunoita kuti mhuka idzi dzigare dzichibatwa nezvirwere izvo zviri kuita kuti vamwe varimi vashandise mishonga yakarambidzwa nemutemo kudzivirira zvirwere kana kukura. Mishonga yakadaro inowanzoratidza huturu hwepamusoro uye kuderera kwakashata.
II. Njodzi dzeUtano: Zvinorambidzwa Zvipfuyo Zvinodhaka Zvinokanganisa Hutano Sei?
Carcinogenic uye Teratogenic Ngozi
Malachite girini inorongedzerwa seBoka 2B carcinogen neIARC; nitrofuran metabolites inogona kukuvadza DNA.
- Antibiotic Resistance Dambudziko
Kutora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kwenguva refu yakaderera kunogona kubereka mabhakitiriya asingaurayiwi nemishonga, zvichideredza kushanda kwekurapa mune ramangwana.
- Chiropa uye Kidney Toxicity
Yakawandisa chloramphenicol kana sulfonamides inokanganisa metabolic mabasa.
- Njodzi Dzinokura Muvana
Hormonal veterinary drugs inogona kukanganisa endocrine system, inokanganisa kukura kwevechidiki.
III. Indasitiri Insights kubva kune Authoritative Testing
2024 yekuyedza data yakakwira:
Varimi pamusika zvinhu zvakawandayakanga ine 4x yakakwirira yakarambidzwa kuona zvinodhaka (8.7%) kupfuurasupermarket pre-package zvigadzirwa(2.1%).
Kuonekwa mitengo kwakakwira 40% panguvachirimonekuda kwekuwedzera kwekushandisa zvinodhaka mumwaka inotapukira zvirwere.
Kurumidza-kuyedza kubudirira: Colloidal gold immunochromatography ikozvino inoongorora 6 yakajairika mishonga inorambidzwa mukati me30 maminetsi, ichibatsira kudzika midzi.
IV. Consumer Self-Protection Guide: 4-Nhanho Yekusarudza Strategy
Simbisa "Dual Certifications"
Check for"Animal Quarantine Certificate"uye"Mvura Yekuongororwa Kwemhando Yemvura"pakurongedza.
Isa pamberi zvigadzirwa zvine QR macode anoteedzerwa kunzvimbo dzekurima uye marekodhi emishonga.
Spot Suspicious Traits
Mavara matema pane shrimp kana rima-dzvuku gill muhove anogona kuratidza kushandisa zvinodhaka.
Kunyanya kusimba kana kusabika nyama inogona kuratidza kurapwa kwe formaldehyde.
Pre-Kubika Prep Mazano
Soak shellfish mumvura ine munyu kwemaawa maviri kuti ubvise chepfu.
Bvisa nhengo dzehove / gill kuti ubvise 70% + mafuta-anonyungudika zvinodhaka zvinosara.
Gwaro Rezvichemo
Chengeta ma invoice uye samples dzechigadzirwa.
Nyaya dzinofungidzirwa dzinogona kutaurwa kune CMA-yakasimbiswa labs (semuenzaniso, emunharaunda yemhando yekuongorora masangano).
V. Nyanzvi Dzinokurudzira: Vakai Yakazara-Chain Regulatory System
Vatsvagiri kubva kuChinese Academy yeFishery Sayenzi vanosimbisa kuti kugadzirisa zvisaririra zvezvinodhaka zvinoda kubatana kwevazhinji:
Front-end control:Gadzirai "white list" yemishonga ye aquaculture; kukurudzira mishonga yemishonga.
Process tracking:Raira madhijitari matanda ekushandisa zvinodhaka (nguva/dosage) yemapurazi.
Zvirango zvakasimba:Tevedzera kurambidzwa kweindasitiri kwehupenyu hwese kune vanotyora.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-01-2025