ngā purongo

I. Tautuhinga Paerewa: Te Taurite Ngāwari i waenganui i te Pūtaiao me te Mahi

Ko ngā herenga toenga patu pepeke i whakatūria e te Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) te mutunga o ngā mano tini o ngā rangahau paitini. Ka whakatauhia e ngā kaipūtaiao te Taumata Pānga Kino Kāore i Kitea (NOAEL) mā roto i ngā whakamātautau kararehe, kātahi ka whakamahia he tauwehenga haumaru 100-ngā-wā hei tatau i te Kai e whakaaetia ana i ia rā (ADI) mō te tangata. Hei tauira, ko te ADI mōte kōropirifoko te 0.01 mg/kg, ko te tikanga ka taea e te pakeke 60 kg te kai haumaru i te 0.6 mg ia rā.

Te paerewa o nāianei o HainaGB 2763-2021e kapi ana i ngā rohenga toenga mō ngā patupatu 564 puta noa i ngā kāwai kai 387, e hangai ana ki ngā ture i te EU me te US. Hei tauira, ko te rohenga mō te procymidone i roto i te rīki he 0.2 mg/kg i Haina, ki te 0.1 mg/kg i te EU. I ahu mai ēnei rerekētanga i ngā tikanga kai, ehara i te whakahē taketake mō te haumaru.

II. Hangarau Kimi: Te Mahanga Hinengaro o ngā Taputapu Tika

Ka taea e ngā taputapu tātari hou te tautuhi i ngā toenga ingā wāhanga mō ia piriona (ppb)ngā taumata. Ka kitea e te ine ine papatipu-chromatography wai (LC-MS) ngā kukū e rite ana ki te whakarewa i tētahi pata tote kotahi i roto i tētahi puna kaukau rahi-Olimipia. Ko te tikanga o tēnei tairongo kei te onge haere ngā toenga "kāore e kitea". I te tau 2024, i kitea ngā toenga patu pepeke noa i roto i te 68% o ngā hua ahuwhenua i tauirahia, engari 1.4% noa iho i hipa i ngā rohe - e whakaatu ana i tērā"He mea noa te kitea, he onge te hipa i ngā paerewa."

Tete rahi o ngā toengahe mea nui rawa atu. Mō te cypermethrin, ko te rohenga i roto i ngā karaka he 2 mg/kg. Hei whakatutuki i tētahi horopeta morearea, me kai e te tangata te 200 kg o ngā karaka e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga—he aromatawai mōrearea kāore i te whai take, pērā i te wehi i te tote tēpu (te horopeta whakamate toharite: 3 karamu/kg).

III. Te Whakahaere Mōrearea: He Parenga Maha-Papa mō te Haumaru Kai

Kua anga whakamua te Manatū Ahuwhenua o Haina mā roto i ngā kaupapa pēnei i te"Kaupapa Motuhake mō te Whakahaere i ngā Matū Rāhui me te Whakapai ake i te Kounga," e tutuki ana i te reiti tutuki i te 97.6% i te tau 2024. Inaianei ka aroturukihia e ngā pūnaha whai a te poraka mekameka ngā turanga whakaputa e 2,000, e whai ana i ngā tohu raraunga e 23 mai i te pāmu ki te marau. Ka taea e ngā kaihoko te matawai i ngā waehere QR hei uru atu ki ngā rekoata whakamahinga patu pepeke me ngā pūrongo taiwhanga.

Ina tūtaki ngā kaihoko ki ngā "toenga patu pepeke" i roto i ngā pūrongo whakamātautau, me mōhio rātou ki:te kitenga ≠ te takahi, ā, kāore he mōrearea hauora o ngā toenga iti. Mā te horoi i ngā hua i raro i te wai rere mō te 30 hēkona ka tangohia te 80% o ngā toenga mata. He mea tino mōrearea ake ko ngā kereme tino kaha pēnei i te "he kino ngā patu pepeke katoa," e whakatuma ana i te turanga o te ahuwhenua o ēnei rā.

I tēnei wā o te whenua ahuwhenua uaua me te tipu haere o te taupori, he mea nui tonu ngā patu pepeke mō te haumarutanga kai. Mā te wehewehe i te "kitenga" mai i te "neke atu i ngā paerewa," me te mārama ki te āputa i waenga i te 0.01 mg me te 1 mg, ka mawhiti tātou i te whakaaro rua. Ehara te haumaru kai i te mea kāore he mōrearea, engarimōrearea whakahaeretia—he mahi tahi e hiahia ana kia awhi ngā kaiwhakahaere, ngā kaihanga, me ngā kaihoko i te pūtaiao, kaua ki te whakahihiri.