amakuru

1. Ubwihindurize bukomeye bwa Nitrite

Hifashishijwe spekitifotometrie kugirango ukomeze gukurikirana inzira ya fermentation, ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ibiranga "double-peak curve" mubirimo nitrite. Mu cyiciro cya mbere (amasaha 0-24), bagiteri zigabanya nitrate zahinduye nitrate mu mboga zihinduka nitrite, urugero rwa 48 mg / kg. Mu cyiciro cya kabiri (iminsi 3-5), ikwirakwizwa rya bagiteri ya acide ya lactique igenda yangirika buhoro buhoro nitrite, igarura urwego ku mutekano. Ikigaragara ni uko buri 5 ° C kwiyongera kwubushyuhe bwibidukikije byihutishije kwibumbira mumasaha 12-18.

Kugereranya na kimchi yubucuruzi byagaragaje ko umusaruro winganda, ukoresheje kugenzura neza imiterere (1.5% –2.5% byumunyu, 15-20 ° C), bigabanya impinga ya nitrite munsi ya 32 mg / kg. Ibinyuranye, kimchi yakozwe murugo, akenshi ikabura kugenzura ubushyuhe, ihora irenga mg / kg 40, byerekana ingaruka z'umutekano muke mubikorwa byo murugo.

2. Ingingo zikomeye zo kugenzura

Imyunyu yumunyu igira uruhare runini muburinganire bwa mikorobe. Ku munyu uri munsi ya 1%, bagiteri itera na nitrate igabanya bagiteri ikura, bigatuma nitrite ya mbere kandi ndende. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko umunyu wa 2,5% ariwo uburinganire bwiza, ugahagarika neza bagiteri zangiza mu gihe zunganira metabolisme ya aside yitwa lactique.

Kugena ubushyuhe ningirakamaro kimwe. Gusembura kuri 20 ° C byerekanaga ibikorwa bya mikorobe bihamye. Ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya 25 ° C bwihuse fermentation ariko byongera ingaruka ziterwa na mikorobe, mugihe munsi ya 10 ° C byongereye igihe cyumutekano kugeza muminsi irenga 20. Kuri fermentation yo murugo, birasabwa kugenzura ubushyuhe bwateganijwe: 18-22 ° C muminsi 3 yambere, hagakurikiraho gukonjesha.

Kwiyitirira ingirakamaro bigira ingaruka zikomeye kubisubizo. Guhindura imyumbati kumasegonda 30 byagabanije nitrate yambere ya 43%, bigabanya impinga ya nitrite ya nyuma 27%. Ongeramo vitamine C ikungahaye kuri vitamine C (urugero, chili nshya cyangwa ibice by'indimu) byongeye kugabanya impinga 15% - 20%.

3. Ingamba zo gukoresha neza

Ukurikije amakuru yubushakashatsi, igihe cya fermentation gishobora kugabanywamo ibice bitatu:

Igihe cy'akaga (iminsi 2-5):Urwego rwa Nitrite rurenze Ubushinwa (20 mg / kg) inshuro 2-33. Ibiryo bigomba kwirindwa.

Igihe cyinzibacyuho (iminsi 6-10):Inzego zigenda zigabanuka gahoro gahoro.

Igihe cyumutekano (nyuma yumunsi wa 10):Nitrite ihagaze munsi ya 5 mg / kg, ifatwa nkumutekano kubyo kurya.

Uburyo bwizairashobora kugabanya ingaruka:

Uburyo bwumunyu buhoro buhoro (2,5% byumunyu wambere, byiyongereye kugera kuri 3% nyuma) hamwe no gutera inshinge 5% zubwonko bwashaje bigabanya igihe cyibyago kugeza kumasaha 36.

Guhora ukangura kugirango ogisijeni yongerewe nitrite kubora 40%.

Kubwimpanuka nyinshi-nitrite, uburyo bwo gukosora byagaragaye neza:

Ongeramo 0.1% ifu ya vitamine C mumasaha 6 yagabanije nitrite 60%.

Kuvanga na tungurusumu nshya (3% kuburemere) byageze kubisubizo bisa.

Ubu bushakashatsi bwemeza ko ingaruka mu biribwa byakorewe mu rugo ziteganijwe kandi zishobora kugenzurwa. Mugusobanukirwa imbaraga za nitrite no gushyira mubikorwa kugenzura neza - nko gukomeza umunyu wa 2,5%, gucunga ubushyuhe bwateguwe, hamwe no kwitegura ibintu - abaguzi barashobora kwishimira neza ibiryo gakondo. Kugumana "fermentation log" kugirango ukurikirane ubushyuhe, igihe, nibindi bipimo birasabwa, guhindura imikorere yigikoni muburyo bwa siyansi yamenyeshejwe, izi ingaruka.