amakuru

1. Uburyo bwiza bwo gupfunyika kw'intangangore y'igi ritanduye

Imashini yo kwamamaza amagi yanduye yashyizeho umugani mu buryo bwitondewe ku mutekano. Ku mbuga za interineti, amagambo yo kwamamaza nka "ikoranabuhanga ry'Abayapani," "guhagarika burundu amasaha 72," na "umutekano ku bagore batwite kurya ari mabi" ari hose, aho buri gi rigurishwa kuri yuan 8 kugeza kuri 12, ni ukuvuga inshuro 4 kugeza kuri 6 z'igiciro cy'amagi asanzwe. Udusanduku twa feza dushyirwamo ibintu bikonjesha byo kugeza ku mugozi, gupakira mu buryo buciriritse bw'Abayapani, hamwe n'"ibyemezo by'ikoreshwa ry'ibiryo bibisi" bihuriza hamwe igitekerezo cy'ikoreshwa ry'ibiryo biryoshye.

Ingamba zo kwamamaza zishyigikiwe n'imari shingiro zageze ku musaruro utangaje. Isoko rikomeye ryagurishije amayuni miliyoni 230 mu 2022, hamwe n'ingingo zijyanye naryo ku mbuga nkoranyambaga zarebwe abantu barenga miliyari 1. Ubushakashatsi ku bakoresha bwerekana ko 68% by'abaguzi bizera ko "bafite umutekano," naho 45% bizera ko bafite "intungamubiri nyinshi". 

1. Amakuru yo muri Laboratwari yakuyeho agapfukamunwa k'umutekano

Ibigo bipima amagi yanduye byakoze ibizamini by’ubuhumyi ku magi yanduye yo mu bigo umunani bizwi ku isoko, kandi ibisubizo byari bitangaje. Mu bipimo 120, 23 byagaragaye ko bifiteSalmonella, hamwe n'igipimo cyiza cya 19.2%, kandi ibigo bitatu byarenze igipimo cy’ubuziranenge inshuro 2 kugeza kuri 3. Igitangaje kurushaho ni uko igipimo cyiza cy’amagi asanzwe yapimwe muri icyo gihe cyari 15.8%, nta sano nziza yagaragaje hagati y’itandukaniro ry’ibiciro n’igipimo cy’umutekano.

Ibizamini byakozwe mu gihe cyo gukora byagaragaje ko mu matsinda yavugaga ko "adafite ubusembwa bwose," 31% by'ibikoresho byari bifite ubusembwa burenze urugero.umubare wose w'udukoko twa bagiteriUmukozi wo mu ruganda rukora imirimo y’ubucuruzi yagaragaje ati: "Icyo bita imiti idakoresha sterile ni amagi asanzwe anyura mu gisubizo cya sodium hypochlorite." Mu gihe cyo gutwara, ku binyabiziga by’ubukonje byavuzwe ko bihora bikonjesha kuri dogere selisiyusi 2-6, 36% by’imodoka zari zifite ubushyuhe bwapimwe buri hejuru ya dogere selisiyusi 8.

Akaga ko kurwara Salmonella ntigakwiye kwirengagizwa. Mu ndwara ziterwa n’ibiribwa zigera kuri miliyoni 9 mu Bushinwa buri mwaka, ubwandu bwa Salmonella bugera kuri 70%. Mu icyorezo cyabereye muri resitora yo mu Buyapani i Chengdu mu 2019, nyirabayazana w’indwara ni amagi yanditseho ko "adafite ingaruka ku ifunguro risanzwe."

1. Ukuri kw'inganda inyuma y'ikizamini cy'umutekano

Kutagira amahame ngenderwaho ku magi yanduye byateje akajagari ku isoko. Muri iki gihe, Ubushinwa nta mahame ngenderwaho bufite ku magi ashobora kuribwa ari mabi, kandi ibigo byishyiriraho amahame yabyo cyangwa bigakurikiza amahame ngenderwaho y’ubuhinzi mu Buyapani (JAS). Ariko, ibizamini bigaragaza ko 78% by’ibicuruzwa bivuga ko "byubahiriza amabwiriza ya JAS" bitahuye n’ibyo Ubuyapani bwasabaga ko Salmonella idashobora gupimwa na gato.

Hari ubusumbane bukomeye hagati y’ibiciro byo gukora n’ishoramari mu mutekano. Amagi nyayo adafite inenge asaba imicungire yuzuye kuva ku rukingo rw’inzobere no kugenzura ibiryo by’amatungo kugeza ku ikoreshwa ryayo, aho ikiguzi kiba inshuro 8 kugeza ku 10 z’amagi asanzwe. Ariko, ibicuruzwa byinshi ku isoko bifata "inzira y'ubusamo" yo kuvura indwara zo mu ruhu, aho ikiguzi nyacyo cyiyongeraho munsi ya 50%.

Ibitekerezo bitari byo ku bakoresha byongera ibyago. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko 62% by'abaguzi bizera ko "guhenda bivuze umutekano," 41% baracyabika mu cyumba cy'umuryango wa firigo (ahantu hahinduka cyane ubushyuhe), naho 79% ntibazi ko Salmonella ikomeza kororoka buhoro buhoro kuri 4°C.

Iyi mpaka y’amagi adafite ingano igaragaza itandukaniro rikomeye riri hagati y’udushya mu biribwa n’amabwiriza agenga umutekano. Iyo imari ikoresheje ibitekerezo by’impimbano kugira ngo ibone isoko, raporo z’ibizamini mu maboko y’abaguzi ziba ikimenyetso gikomeye cy’ukuri. Nta nzira y’uburinzi bw’ibiribwa ihari. Igikwiye gukurikiranwa mu by’ukuri si igitekerezo "kidafite ingano" gikubiye mu mvugo z’ubucuruzi ahubwo ni ubuhinzi bukomeye mu nganda zose. Wenda twagombye kongera gutekereza kuri ibi: Mu gihe dukurikirana imirire, ntitwagombye gusubira mu kubaha ingenzi y’ibiryo?