iindaba

I. Ukuseta Okuqhelekileyo: Ukulinganisela Okuthambileyo Phakathi Kwesayensi Nokusebenza

Imida yentsalela yezibulali-zinambuzane esekwe yiCodex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) yimbangela yezifundo ezininzi ezinobungozi. Izazinzulu zifumanisa iNqanaba leMpembelelo eNgabonakaliyo (i-NOAEL) ngovavanyo lwezilwanyana, emva koko zisebenzisa i-100-fold safety factor ukubala i-Acceptable Daily Intake (i-ADI) ebantwini. Umzekelo, i-ADI yei-chlorpyrifosyi-0.01 mg/kg, oko kuthetha ukuba umntu omdala obunzima buyi-60 kg angayisebenzisa ngokukhuselekileyo i-0.6 mg yonke imihla.

Umgangatho wangoku waseTshayinaI-GB 2763-2021igubungela imida yentsalela yezibulali-zinambuzane ezingama-564 kwiindidi zokutya ezingama-387, ihambelana ngokuguquguqukayo nemigaqo kwi-EU nase-US Umzekelo, umda we-procymidone kwiileeks yi-0.2 mg/kg eTshayina xa kuthelekiswa ne-0.1 mg/kg kwi-EU. Umahluko onjalo uvela kwimikhwa yokutya, kungekhona ukungavisisani okusisiseko malunga nokhuseleko.

II. Itekhnoloji yokuQonda: Umgibe wokuqonda weZixhobo ezichanekileyo

Izixhobo zohlalutyo zanamhlanje zinokuchonga iintsalelaiinxalenye ngebhiliyoni (ppb)amanqanaba. I-Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) ibona ubuninzi obufana nokunyibilikisa ingqolowa enye yetyuwa echibini lokudada elilingana neOlimpiki. Olu buthathaka luthetha ukuba iintsalela "ezingabonakaliyo" ziya zinqabile. Ngo-2024, iintsalela zezinambuzane eziqhelekileyo zafunyanwa kwi-68% yeemveliso zezolimo ezithathwe iisampulu, kodwa yi-1.4% kuphela egqithe imida—ebonisa ukuba"ukufunyanwa kuqhelekile, ukugqitha imigangatho kunqabile."

Iubukhulu beentsalelakubaluleke kakhulu. Kwi-cypermethrin, umda kwi-citrus yi-2 mg/kg. Ukuze ufikelele kwidosi enobungozi, umntu kuya kufuneka atye i-200 kg ye-citrus ehambelanayo—uvavanyo lomngcipheko olungenangqondo njengoloyiko lwetyuwa yetafile (idosi ebulalayo ephakathi: 3 g/kg).

III. Ulawulo loMngcipheko: Ukhuselo oluneZigaba ezininzi loKhuseleko lokutya

UMphathiswa wezoLimo waseTshayina wenze inkqubela phambili ngamaphulo afana ne-"Iphulo eliKhethekileyo loLawulo lweZiyobisi ezingavumelekanga kunye noPhuculo loMgangatho," ukufikelela kwinqanaba lokuthobela imithetho eliyi-97.6% ngo-2024. Iinkqubo zokulandelela umkhondo weBlockchain ngoku zijonga iziseko zemveliso ezingama-2,000, zilandelela amanqaku edatha angama-23 ukusuka efama ukuya kwifoloko. Abathengi banokuskena iikhowudi zeQR ukuze bafumane iirekhodi zokusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane kunye neengxelo zelebhu.

Xa bejongene "neentsalela zezibulali-zinambuzane" kwiingxelo zovavanyo, abathengi kufuneka baqaphele oku:ukufunyanwa ≠ ukwaphulwa, kwaye iintsalela ezilandelelanayo azibeki mngcipheko kwimpilo. Ukuhlamba imveliso phantsi kwamanzi ahambayo kangangemizuzwana engama-30 kususa i-80% yeentsalela ezingaphezulu. Eziyingozi ngakumbi zizityholo ezichasene ngokupheleleyo ezifana nokuthi "zonke izibulali-zinambuzane ziyingozi," ezisongela isiseko sezolimo zanamhlanje.

Kwixesha lomhlaba olimekayo onzima kunye nokwanda kwabemi, izibulali-zinambuzane zihlala zibalulekile kukhuseleko lokutya. Ngokwahlula "ukufunyanwa" "kwimigangatho egqithileyo," nokuqonda umahluko phakathi kwe-0.01 mg kunye ne-1 mg, siyasinda ekucingeni nge-binary. Ukhuseleko lokutya alukho malunga nomngcipheko we-zero, kodwaumngcipheko olawulwayo—umzamo wentsebenziswano ofuna abalawuli, abavelisi, kunye nabathengi ukuba bamkele isayensi ngaphezu kwezinto ezibangela umdla.