Kwindawo yokhuseleko lokutya, igama elithi "iintsalela zezitshabalalisiXa iingxelo zamajelo eendaba zidiza iintsalela zezibulali-zinambuzane ezifunyenwe kwimifuno ephuma kuhlobo oluthile, amacandelo ezimvo azaliswe ziileta eziqhutywa luloyiko ezifana “nemveliso eyityhefu.” Le ngcamango iphosakeleyo—ukulinganisa “intsalela echongiweyo” “neengozi zempilo”—iye yadala ukungathembani ngokungeyomfuneko kukhuseleko lokutya.
I. Ukusetwa okuMgangatho: Ulungelelwaniso olucekethekileyo phakathi kweNzululwazi kunye nokuziqhelanisa
Imida yentsalela yesitshabalalisi esekwe yiCodex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) yincopho yamawaka ezifundo zetoxicological. Iingcali zenzululwazi zinquma iNqanaba leNqanaba eliPhambili eliPhakamileyo (NOAEL) ngokusebenzisa iimvavanyo zezilwanyana, emva koko sebenzisa i-100-fold factor yokhuseleko ukubala i-Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) kubantu. Umzekelo, i-ADI yeichlorpyrifosyi 0.01 mg/kg, okuthetha ukuba umntu omdala oyi-60 kg unokutya ngokukhuselekileyo i-0.6 mg yonke imihla.
Umgangatho wangoku waseTshayinaGB 2763-2021igubungela imida yentsalela yezibulali-zinambuzane ezingama-564 kuzo zonke iindidi zokutya ezingama-387, ezihambelana ngokuguquguqukayo nemigaqo kwi-EU nase-US Umzekelo, umda weprocymidone kwiiliki yi-0.2 mg/kg e-China xa ithelekiswa ne-0.1 mg/kg e-EU. Loo mahluko ubangelwa yimikhwa yokutya, kungekhona ukungavisisani okusisiseko ngokhuseleko.
II. Itekhnoloji yokufumanisa: Umgibe wokuqonda wezixhobo ezichanekileyo
Izixhobo zokuhlalutya zanamhlanje zinokuchonga iintsalela kwiiinxalenye ngebhiliyoni nganye (ppb)amanqanaba. I-Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) ibona ugxininiso olulingana nokunyibilikisa ukhozo olunye lwetyuwa kwidama lokuqubha elilingana ne-Olimpiki. Olu buntununtunu luthetha ukuba iintsalela "ezingenakubonwa" ziya zinqabile. Ngo-2024, iintsalela zesiqhelo zokubulala izitshabalalisi zafunyanwa kwi-68% yeemveliso zezolimo ezithathwe iisampulu, kodwa kuphela yi-1.4% egqithileyo kwimida-ebonisa ukuba"ukufunyanwa kuqhelekileyo, ukugqithiswa kwemigangatho kunqabile."
Iubukhulu beentsalelaimiba ebaluleke kakhulu. Kwi-cypermethrin, umda kwi-citrus ngu-2 mg / kg. Ukufikelela kwidosi eyingozi, umntu uya kufuna ukusebenzisa i-200 kg ye-citrus ethobelayo-uvavanyo lomngcipheko olungenangqiqo njengetyuwa yetafile eyoyikayo (idosi ebulalayo ephakathi: 3 g / kg).
III. Ulawulo loMngcipheko: Ukhuselo olunaMaleko amaninzi loKhuseleko lokuTya
UMphathiswa wezoLimo waseTshayina wenze imitsi ngamaphulo afana ne"Iphulo elikhethekileyo kuLawulo lweZinto eziThintelweyo kunye noPhuculo loMgangatho," ukufikelela kwinqanaba lokuthotyelwa kwe-97,6% kwi-2024. Iinkqubo zokulandelela i-Blockchain ngoku zibeke iliso kwiziseko zokuvelisa ze-2,000, ukulandelela amanqaku edatha ye-23 ukusuka kwifama ukuya kwifoloko. Abathengi banokuskena iikhowudi ze-QR ukufikelela kwiirekhodi zokusetyenziswa kwezitshabalalisi kunye neengxelo zelebhu.
Xa ujongene "neentsalela zezitshabalalisi" kwiingxelo zovavanyo, abathengi kufuneka baqonde:ubhaqo ≠ ukunyhashwa, kunye neentsalela zomkhondo azibangeli ingozi empilweni. Ukuhlamba imveliso phantsi kwamanzi abalekayo imizuzwana engama-30 kususa i-80% yeentsalela ezingaphezulu. Okuyingozi ngakumbi ngamabango e-absolutist afana "zonke izibulali-zinambuzane ziyingozi," ezisongela isiseko sezolimo zanamhlanje.
Kweli xesha lobunzima bomhlaba olimekayo nokwanda kwabemi, izibulali-zinambuzane zihlala zibalulekile kukhuseleko lokutya. Ngokwahlula "ukubonwa" "kwimigangatho egqithileyo," kunye nokuqonda umsantsa phakathi kwe-0.01 mg kunye ne-1 mg, siyabaleka ukucinga okubini. Ukhuseleko lokutya alukho malunga nomngcipheko we-zero, kodwaumngcipheko olawulwayo-umzamo wentsebenziswano ofuna abalawuli, abavelisi, kunye nabathengi bamkele isayensi ngaphezulu kochuku.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-16-2025