Ikwindla yisikhathi sokuvunwa kommbila, ngokuvamile, lapho umugqa wobisi we-corn kernel unyamalala, kuvela ungqimba olumnyama phansi, futhi okuqukethwe komswakama kwe-kernel kwehla kuye ezingeni elithile, ummbila ungabhekwa njengovuthiwe futhi ulungele ukuvunwa. Ummbila ovunwa ngalesi sikhathi awugcini nje ngokuvunwa okuphezulu kanye nekhwalithi enhle, kodwa futhi ulungele ukugcinwa nokucutshungulwa okulandelayo.
Ummbila uthandwa kakhulu njengenye yezinhlamvu eziyisisekelo. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi esifanayo, ummbila ungase uqukathe amanye ama-mycotoxin, okuhlanganisa i-aflatoxin B1, i-vomitoxin kanye ne-zearalenone, okungaba yingozi empilweni yabantu nezilwane, ngakho-ke kudinga izindlela zokuhlola ezisebenzayo kanye nezinyathelo zokulawula ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kanye nekhwalithi yommbila kanye nemikhiqizo yawo.
1. I-Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)
Izici Eziyinhloko: I-Aflatoxin iyi-mycotoxin evamile, lapho i-aflatoxin B1 ingenye yama-mycotoxin asakazeke kakhulu, anobuthi futhi abangela umdlavuza. Izinzile ngokwe-physicochemical futhi idinga ukufinyelela izinga lokushisa eliphakeme elingu-269℃ ukuze ibhujiswe.
Izingozi: Ubuthi obunamandla bungase bubonakale njengomkhuhlane, ukuhlanza, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, i-jaundice, njll. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-ascites, ukuvuvukala kwezingalo ezingezansi, i-hepatomegaly, i-splenomegaly, noma ngisho nokufa ngokuzumayo kungase kwenzeke. Ukudla i-aflatoxin B1 isikhathi eside kuhlotshaniswa nokwanda kwesibalo somdlavuza wesibindi, ikakhulukazi labo abane-hepatitis basengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yiwo futhi babangele umdlavuza wesibindi.
2. I-Vomitoxin (i-Deoxynivalenol, i-DON)
Izici Eziyinhloko: I-Vomitoxin ingenye i-mycotoxin evamile, izakhiwo zayo ze-physicochemical zizinzile, ngisho noma izinga lokushisa liphezulu lika-120 ℃, futhi akulula ukubhujiswa ngaphansi kwezimo ze-asidi.
Izingozi: Ubuthi bubonakala kakhulu ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla kanye nezimpawu zesimiso sezinzwa, njengesicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ikhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi, ubuhlungu besisu, isifo sohudo, njll., ezinye zingase zibonakale zibuthakathaka, ukungakhululeki okuvamile, ukushaqeka, ijubane elingazinzile kanye nezinye izimpawu ezifana nokudakwa.
3. I-Zearalenone (i-ZEN)
Izici Eziyinhloko: I-Zearalenone uhlobo lwe-non-steroidal, i-mycotoxin enezakhiwo ze-estrogenic, izakhiwo zayo ze-physicochemical zizinzile, futhi ukungcola kwayo emmbileni kuvame kakhulu.
Izingozi: Isebenza kakhulu ohlelweni lokuzala, futhi izwela kakhulu ezilwaneni ezifana nezingulube ezinsikazi, futhi ingabangela ukungazali nokukhipha isisu. Nakuba kungekho mibiko yokuthi kukhona ubuthi kubantu, kucatshangwa ukuthi izifo zabantu ezihlobene ne-estrogen zingase zihlobene nobuthi.
Uhlelo Lokuhlola i-Kwinbon Mycotoxin eMbonini
- 1. Ikhithi Yokuhlola i-Elisa ye-Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)
I-LOD: 2.5ppb
Ukuzwela: 0.1ppb
- 2. Ikhithi Yokuhlola i-Elisa ye-Vomitoxin (DON)
I-LOD: 100ppb
Ukuzwela: 2ppb
- 3. Ikhithi Yokuhlola ka-Elisa ye-Zearalenone (ZEN)
I-LOD: 20ppb
Ukuzwela: 1ppb
- 1. I-Rapid Test Strip ye-Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)
I-LOD: 5-100ppb
- 2. I-Rapid Test Strip ye-Vomitoxin (DON)
I-LOD: 500-5000ppb
- 3. I-Rapid Test Strip ye-Zearalenone (ZEN)
I-LOD: 50-1500ppb
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-26-2024