Emkhakheni wokuphepha kokudla, igama elithi "izinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzane" ibangela ukukhathazeka komphakathi ngokungaguquki. Lapho imibiko yabezindaba yembula izinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzane ezitholwe emifino yohlobo oluthile, izigaba zokuphawula zigcwala amalebula aqhutshwa ukwethuka njengokuthi "umkhiqizo owubuthi." Lo mbono oyiphutha—ufanisa “izinsalela ezitholiwe” “nezingozi zempilo”—kudale ukungathembeki okungadingekile ekuphepheni kokudla. Kuyaphuthuma ukunqanda ukuphepha kokudla.
I. Isilungiselelo Esijwayelekile: Ibhalansi Ethambile Phakathi Kwesayensi Nokwenza
Imikhawulo yensalela yezibulala-zinambuzane esungulwe yiKhomishini ye-Codex Alimentarius (CAC) iwumvuthwandaba wezinkulungwane zezifundo zobuthi. Ososayensi banquma I-Maximum No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) ngokuhlolwa kwezilwane, bese besebenzisa isici sokuphepha esiphindwe ka-100 ukuze abale I-Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) yabantu. Isibonelo, i-ADI yei-chlorpyrifosingu-0.01 mg/kg, okusho ukuthi umuntu omdala ongu-60 kg angadla ngokuphepha u-0.6 mg nsuku zonke.
Izinga lamanje lase-ChinaI-GB 2763-2021ihlanganisa izinsalela zemikhawulo yezibulala-zinambuzane ezingu-564 ezigabeni zokudla ezingu-387, ezihambisana ngamandla nemithetho ye-EU nase-US Ngokwesibonelo, umkhawulo we-procymidone kumaleeks ngu-0.2 mg/kg e-China uma uqhathaniswa no-0.1 mg/kg e-EU. Umehluko onjalo ubangelwa imikhuba yokudla, hhayi ukungezwani okuyisisekelo ngokuphepha.
II. Ubuchwepheshe Bokuthola: I-Cognitive Trap of Precision Instruments
Izinsimbi zokuhlaziya zesimanje zingakwazi ukubona izinsalela kuizingxenye ngebhiliyoni ngalinye (ppb)amazinga. I-Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) ithola ukugxila okulingana nokuncibilikisa uhlamvu olulodwa lukasawoti ku-swimming pool engusayizi we-Olympic. Lokhu kuzwela kusho ukuthi izinsalela "ezingabonakali" ziba yivelakancane. Ngo-2024, kwatholakala izinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzane ezivamile kuma-68% emikhiqizo yezolimo esasampula, nokho kuphela i-1.4% eyeqa imingcele—okufakazela ukuthi"ukutholwa kuvamile, ukweqa izindinganiso akuvamile."
Iubukhulu bezinsalelazibalulekile. Nge-cypermethrin, umkhawulo ku-citrus ngu-2 mg/kg. Ukuze afinyelele umthamo oyingozi, umuntu uzodinga ukudla u-200 kg we-citrus ethobelayo—ukuhlola ingozi njengokungenangqondo njengosawoti wetafula owesabekayo (umthamo obulalayo omaphakathi: 3 g/kg).
III. Ukulawulwa Kwengozi: Ukuvikela Okunezingqimba Eziningi Zokuphepha Kokudla
UMnyango Wezolimo waseChina wenze intuthuko ngezinhlelo ezifana ne"Umkhankaso Okhethekile Wokulawulwa Kwezinto Ezivinjelwe kanye Nokuthuthukiswa Kwekhwalithi," ukufeza izinga lokuhambisana ne-97.6% ngo-2024. Izinhlelo zokulandela umkhondo zeBlockchain manje ziqapha izisekelo zokukhiqiza ze-2,000, zilandelela amaphuzu wedatha we-23 kusuka epulazini kuya kwelinye. Abathengi bangaskena amakhodi e-QR ukuze bafinyelele amarekhodi okusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane nemibiko yelebhu.
Uma bebhekene "nezinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzane" emibikweni yokuhlolwa, abathengi kufanele babone:ukutholwa ≠ ukwephulwa, futhi ukulandelela izinsalela azinayo ingozi yezempilo. Ukugeza umkhiqizo ngaphansi kwamanzi agobhozayo imizuzwana engu-30 kususa u-80% wezinsalela ezingaphezulu. Okuyingozi nakakhulu izimangalo ze-absolutist njengokuthi "zonke izibulala-zinambuzane ziyingozi," ezisongela isisekelo sezolimo samanje.
Enkathini enobunzima bomhlaba olimekayo nokwanda kwabantu, izibulala-zinambuzane zihlala zibalulekile ukuze kube nokulondeka kokudla. Ngokuhlukanisa "ukutholwa" "kumazinga adlulayo," kanye nokuqonda umhosha ophakathi kuka-0.01 mg no-1 mg, sibalekela ukucabanga okumbambili. Ukuphepha kokudla akuphathelene nengozi ye-zero, kodwaubungozi obuphethwe-umzamo wokuhlanganyela odinga abalawuli, abakhiqizi, kanye nabathengi ukuthi bamukele isayensi phezu kwemizwa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-16-2025