izindaba

1. I-Dynamic Evolution ye-Nitrite

Kusetshenziswa i-spectrophotometry ukuze kuqashwe ngokuqhubekayo inqubo yokuvutshelwa, ukuhlolwa kwembula isici esithi "double-peak curve" kokuqukethwe kwe-nitrite. Phakathi nesigaba sokuqala (amahora angu-0-24), amagciwane anciphisa i-nitrate aguqule ngokushesha ama-nitrate emifino abe yi-nitrite, amazinga e-spiking abe ku-48 mg/kg. Esigabeni sesibili (izinsuku ezi-3-5), ukwanda kwamagciwane e-lactic acid abola kancane kancane i-nitrite, ibuyisela amazinga ezindaweni eziphephile. Ngokuphawulekayo, njalo ngo-5°C ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa lendawo kwakusheshisa ukwakheka okuphezulu ngamahora angu-12-18.

Ukuqhathaniswa ne-kimchi yezentengiselwano kubonise ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni, ngokulawula okunembile kwezimo (1.5% -2.5% salinity, 15-20 ° C), kukhawulela iziqongo ze-nitrite zibe ngaphansi kuka-32 mg/kg. Ngokuphambene, i-kimchi eyenziwe ekhaya, evame ukuntula ukulawula izinga lokushisa, idlula ngokuqhubekayo ku-40 mg/kg, okubonisa izingozi eziphakeme zokuphepha kumikhuba yasekhaya.

2. Amaphuzu Okulawula Abalulekile

Ukugxila kukasawoti kudlala indima ebalulekile ekulinganiseni kwamagciwane. Uma kunosawoti ongaphansi kuka-1%, amagciwane anciphisa i-pathogenic kanye ne-nitrate ayakhula, abangele iziqongo zangaphambili neziphakeme ze-nitrite. Ukuhlolwa kuhlonze usawoti ongu-2.5% njengebhalansi efanele, kucindezela ngempumelelo amagciwane ayingozi kuyilapho kusekela umzimba webhaktheriya ye-lactic acid.

Ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa kubalulekile ngokufanayo. Ukuvutshelwa ku-20°C kubonise umsebenzi we-microbial ozinzile kakhulu. Amazinga okushisa angaphezu kuka-25°C asheshisa ukuvutshelwa kodwa anda izingozi zokungalingani kwamagciwane, kuyilapho ngaphansi kuka-10°C kwandisa isikhathi sokuphepha saba ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezingu-20. Ukuze uvutshelwe ekhaya, ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa kuyanconywa: 18-22°C ezinsukwini ezi-3 zokuqala, kulandele isiqandisi.

Ukwelashwa kusengaphambili kwezithako kuba nomthelela omkhulu emiphumeleni. Ukutshala iklabishi imizuzwana engu-30 kunciphisa okuqukethwe kwe-nitrate yokuqala ngo-43%, kwehlisa inani lokugcina le-nitrite ngama-27%. Ukwengeza izithako ezinovithamini C (isb., upelepele omusha noma izingcezu zikalamula) kuqhubeke kwehlisa izinga eliphakeme ngo-15% -20%.

3. Amasu Okusetshenziswa Okuphephile

Ngokusekelwe kudatha yokuhlola, umugqa wesikhathi wokuvutshelwa ungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu:

Isikhathi esiyingozi (izinsuku 2-5):Amazinga e-nitrite adlula izinga lokuphepha lase-China (20 mg/kg) izikhathi ezingu-2–3. Ukusetshenziswa kufanele kugwenywe.

Isikhathi soshintsho (izinsuku 6–10):Amaleveli ehla kancane kancane afike kububanzi obuseduze nokuphepha.

Isikhathi sokuphepha (ngemuva kosuku 10):I-Nitrite izinza ngaphansi kuka-5 mg/kg, kuthathwa njengephephile ukusetshenziswa.

Amasu alungiselelweinganciphisa ubungozi:

Indlela ye-gradient salting (2.5% usawoti wokuqala, okhuphukele ku-3% kamuva) kuhlanganiswe nokujova u-5% omdala we-brine kwenza isikhathi sengozi sibe amahora angu-36.

Ukunyakazisa okuvamile ukwethula ukubola kwe-nitrite okuthuthukisiwe komoyampilo ngo-40%.

Ngokuchayeka ngengozi kwe-nitrite ephezulu, izindlela zokulungisa zibonakale zisebenza kahle:

Ukwengeza u-0.1% we-vitamin C powder amahora angu-6 wehlise i-nitrite ngo-60%.

Ukuxuba negalikhi entsha (3% ngesisindo) kuzuze imiphumela efanayo.

Lolu cwaningo luqinisekisa ukuthi izingozi zokudla okubiliselwe ekhaya ziyabikezelwa futhi ziyalawuleka. Ngokuqonda amandla e-nitrite nokusebenzisa izilawuli ezinembile—njengokugcina usawoti ongu-2.5%, ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa okuhleliwe, nokwelashwa kusengaphambili kwezithako—abathengi bangajabulela ngokuphephile ukudla okubilisiwe kwendabuko. Ukugcina "irekhodi lokuvutshelwa" ukuze ulandele izinga lokushisa, isikhathi, neminye imingcele kuyalulekwa, ukuguqula izinqubo zasekhishini zibe yizinqubo ezinolwazi lwesayensi, eziqaphela ubungozi.