izindaba

1. Ukuguquka Okunamandla kwe-Nitrite

Kusetshenziswa i-spectrophotometry ukuqapha njalo inqubo yokubilisa, ukuhlolwa kwembule isici esithi "double-peak curve" ngokuqukethwe kwe-nitrite. Phakathi nesigaba sokuqala (amahora angu-0-24), amabhaktheriya anciphisa i-nitrate aguqula ngokushesha ama-nitrate emifinweni abe yi-nitrite, amazinga akhuphuka abe ngu-48 mg/kg. Esigabeni sesibili (izinsuku 3-5), ukwanda kwamabhaktheriya e-lactic acid kwawohloka kancane kancane i-nitrite, kwabuyisela amazinga emazingeni aphephile. Okuphawulekayo ukuthi, njalo ukwanda kwama-5°C ekushiseni okuzungezile kwasheshisa ukwakheka kwe-peak ngamahora angu-12-18.

Ukuqhathaniswa ne-kimchi yezentengiselwano kubonise ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni, ngokulawula okunembile kwezimo (1.5%–2.5% usawoti, 15–20°C), kunciphisa ukuphakama kwe-nitrite kube ngaphansi kuka-32 mg/kg. Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-kimchi eyenziwe ekhaya, evame ukungabi nokulawula izinga lokushisa, idlula njalo u-40 mg/kg, okubonisa izingozi zokuphepha eziphezulu emikhubeni yasekhaya.

2. Amaphuzu Okulawula Abalulekile

Ukuhlushwa kukasawoti kudlala indima ebalulekile ebhalansini yamagciwane. Uma usawoti ungaphansi kuka-1%, amabhaktheriya abangela izifo kanye nokunciphisa i-nitrate ayachuma, okubangela ukuphakama kwe-nitrite kusenesikhathi nangaphezulu. Lolu cwaningo luthole usawoti ongu-2.5% njengokulinganisela okuhle, okucindezela ngempumelelo amabhaktheriya ayingozi ngenkathi kusekela imetabolism yamabhaktheriya e-lactic acid.

Ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa kubaluleke ngokulinganayo. Ukubilisa ku-20°C kubonise umsebenzi ozinzile kakhulu wamagciwane. Izinga lokushisa elingaphezu kuka-25°C lasheshisa ukubilisa kodwa landisa izingozi zokungalingani kwamagciwane, kuyilapho elingaphansi kuka-10°C landisa isikhathi sokuphepha safinyelela ezinsukwini ezingaphezu kuka-20. Ekubiliseni ekhaya, kunconywa ukulawula izinga lokushisa ngezigaba: 18–22°C ezinsukwini ezintathu zokuqala, kulandelwe yifriji.

Ukwelashwa kwangaphambi kwesithako kuthinta kakhulu imiphumela. Ukuhlanza iklabishi imizuzwana engama-30 kunciphisa okuqukethwe kwe-nitrate kokuqala ngo-43%, kwehlisa inani lokugcina le-nitrite ngo-27%. Ukwengeza izithako ezicebile nge-vitamin C (isb., izingcezu ze-chili ezintsha noma zelamula) kunciphisa inani eliphakeme ngo-15%–20%.

3. Amasu Okusebenzisa Ngokuphephile

Ngokusekelwe kudatha yokuhlola, isikhathi sokubilisa singahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu:

Isikhathi sengozi (izinsuku 2-5):Amazinga e-nitrite adlula izinga lokuphepha laseShayina (20 mg/kg) ngokuphindwe kabili kuya kathathu. Ukusetshenziswa kumele kugwenywe.

Isikhathi sokuguquka (izinsuku 6-10):Amazinga ancipha kancane kancane abe amabanga aseduze nokuphepha.

Isikhathi sokuphepha (ngemuva kosuku lwe-10):I-nitrite iqina ngaphansi kuka-5 mg/kg, okubonakala kuphephile ukuyisebenzisa.

Amasu alungiselelwekunganciphisa izingozi:

Indlela yokufaka usawoti nge-gradient (usawoti wokuqala ongu-2.5%, okhuphuke waba ngu-3% kamuva) kuhlanganiswe nokugoma usawoti osukhulile ongu-5% kunciphisa isikhathi sengozi sibe amahora angu-36.

Ukuvuselela njalo ukuze kufakwe ukubola kwe-nitrite ekhuthazwe umoya-mpilo ngo-40%.

Uma kwenzeka ingozi yokuvezwa kwe-nitrite ephezulu, izindlela zokulungisa zisebenze kahle:

Ukwengeza u-0.1% we-vitamin C powder amahora ayi-6 kunciphisa i-nitrite ngo-60%.

Ukuxuba negalikhi entsha (ngesisindo esingu-3%) kuthole imiphumela efanayo.

Lolu cwaningo luqinisekisa ukuthi izingozi ekudleni okubilisiwe okwenziwe ekhaya ziyabikezelwa futhi ziyalawuleka. Ngokuqonda amandla e-nitrite nokusebenzisa izilawuli eziqondile—njengokugcina usawoti ongu-2.5%, ukuphathwa kwezinga lokushisa okuhleliwe, kanye nokwelashwa kwangaphambi kwezithako—abathengi bangajabulela ukudla okubilisiwe kwendabuko ngokuphephile. Kuyelulekwa ukugcina "ilogi yokubilisa" yokulandelela izinga lokushisa, isikhathi, kanye nezinye izilinganiso, ukuguqula imikhuba yasekhishini ibe yimikhuba enolwazi lwesayensi, eqaphela ingozi.