Mu myaka yashize, hamwe niterambere ryihuse ry’ubuhinzi bw’amafi, ibicuruzwa byo mu mazi byabaye ingirakamaro ku meza yo kurya. Icyakora, bitewe no gushaka umusaruro mwinshi nigiciro gito, abahinzi bamwe bakomeje gukoresha imiti yamatungo mu buryo butemewe. Raporo y’igihugu ya 2024 iherutse gusigara ku bisigazwa by’ibiyobyabwenge by’amatungo mu bicuruzwa byo mu mazi byashyizwe ahagaragara n’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ubuziranenge n’ubugenzuzi bw’umutekano n’ubugenzuzi bugaragaza ko ibyiciro umunani by’ibicuruzwa byo mu mazi byerekana ko umubare munini w’ibimenyetso by’imiti y’amatungo yabujijwe ugereranije n’ibindi, bigatuma abakiriya benshi bahangayikishwa.
I. Urutonde rwibyago: Kuki ibi bicuruzwa 8 byo mumazi bifite ibyago byinshi?
Hashingiwe ku mibare yapimwe mu gihugu hose uhereye ku byiciro 3.000 by’ibicuruzwa byo mu mazi, ibyiciro bikurikira byagaragaye ko ari ibyago byinshi bitewe n’ubuhinzi, ibikenerwa byo kurwanya indwara, n’ibindi bintu:
- Umuhinzi uhingwa / Trout:Byamenyekanyeicyatsi kibisina nitrofuran metabolite
- Shrimp (Prawns, Kuruma Shrimp):15% igipimo cyo hejuru yaenrofloxacin
- Igikonoshwa (Oysters, Scallops):Ibyago bibiri byibyuma biremereye kandichloramphenicol
- Inyenzi zoroheje:Kumenya imisemburo ikura yabujijwe
- Bullfrogs:Ibisigarira byingenzi bya furazolidone metabolite
- Eels:Gukoresha rwihishwa gukoresha malachite icyatsi
- Eels (Ibyoherezwa mu mahanga):Raporo nyinshi mumahanga za sulfonamide zirenga
- Tilapiya:Kumenya udushya antibiotic florfenicol
Raporo yerekana ko ubuhinzi bw’ubuhinzi bwinshi butuma ubwo bwoko bwibasirwa n’indwara, bigatuma abahinzi bamwe bakoresha imiti yabujijwe mu buryo butemewe n'amategeko mu rwego rwo gukumira indwara cyangwa guteza imbere iterambere. Imiti nkiyi ikunze kwerekana uburozi bukabije no kwangirika nabi.
II. Ibyago byubuzima: Nigute ibiyobyabwenge byamatungo byabujijwe byangiza ubuzima?
Indwara ya kanseri na Teratogenic
Icyatsi cya Malachite gishyirwa mu itsinda rya 2B kanseri na IARC; metabolite ya nitrofuran irashobora kwangiza ADN.
- Ikibazo cyo Kurwanya Antibiyotike
Kurwanya antibiyotike yigihe kirekire irashobora kubyara bacteri zidashobora kurwanya imiti, bikagabanya ingaruka nziza zo kuvura.
- Uburozi bwumwijima nimpyiko
Chloramphenicol ikabije cyangwa sulfonamide ibangamira imikorere ya metabolike.
- Ingaruka z'iterambere mu bana
Imiti yubuvuzi bwamatungo irashobora guhungabanya sisitemu ya endocrine, bikagira ingaruka kumikurire yurubyiruko.
III. Ubushishozi bwinganda ziva mubizamini byemewe
2024 yipimisha amakuru yibanze:
Ibicuruzwa byinshi ku isoko ryabahinziyari ifite igipimo cya 4x cyabujijwe kumenya ibiyobyabwenge (8.7%) kurutasupermarket ibicuruzwa byapakiwe mbere(2,1%).
Igipimo cyo gutahura cyazamutseho 40% mugiheicyikubera kwiyongera kw'ibiyobyabwenge mu bihe bikunze kwibasirwa n'indwara.
Ibizamini byihuse: Imiti ya immunochromatografi ya colloidal yerekana ibiyobyabwenge 6 bisanzwe bibujijwe muminota 30, bifasha kugenzura ibyatsi.
IV. Abaguzi Kwikingira Abaguzi: Ingamba zo Guhitamo Intambwe 4
Kugenzura "Impamyabumenyi ebyiri"
Reba kuri"Icyemezo cya Karantine y’inyamaswa"na"Raporo y'Ikizamini Cyiza Cy’amazi"ku gupakira.
Shyira imbere ibicuruzwa bifite kodegisi ya QR ikurikira ahantu ho guhinga no kwandika imiti.
Ikimenyetso
Ibibara byirabura kuri shrimp cyangwa ibara ryijimye-umutuku mu mafi birashobora kwerekana ibiyobyabwenge.
Inyama zikomeye cyangwa zidatetse zirashobora kwerekana imiti ya fordehide.
Mbere yo Guteka Inama Zitegura
Shira ibishishwa mumazi yumunyu mumasaha 2 kugirango wirukane uburozi.
Kuraho ibice byamafi / gill kugirango ukureho 70% + ibisigazwa byibiyobyabwenge.
Inyandiko yo kurega
Gumana inyemezabuguzi hamwe nicyitegererezo cyibicuruzwa.
Ibibazo bikekwa birashobora kumenyeshwa laboratoire yemewe na CMA (urugero, ibigo byubugenzuzi bwibanze).
V. Abahanga Basaba: Kubaka Sisitemu Yuzuye Yumunyururu
Abashakashatsi bo mu Ishuri ry’Ubumenyi bw’Uburobyi mu Bushinwa bashimangira ko gukemura ibisigazwa by’ibiyobyabwenge bisaba ubufatanye bw’abafatanyabikorwa benshi:
Igenzura ryimbere:Gushiraho "urutonde rwera" ku biyobyabwenge byo mu mazi; guteza imbere ubundi buryo bw'ibyatsi.
Gukurikirana inzira:Tegeka ibiti bya digitale yo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge (igihe / dosiye) kumirima.
Ibihano bikaze:Shimangira inganda zibuza ubuzima bwose kubarenga.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-01-2025