Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kunye nophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwe-aquaculture, iimveliso zasemanzini ziye zaba zithako eziyimfuneko kwiitafile zokutyela. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqhutywa kukufuna izivuno eziphezulu kunye neendleko eziphantsi, amanye amafama aqhubeka nokusebenzisa ngokungekho mthethweni iziyobisi zonyango lwezilwanyana. Ingxelo yeSizwe yamva nje ye-2024 yeeNtsalela zeZilwanyana zeeMfuyo kwiiMveliso zasemanzini ezikhutshwe yiZiko leSizwe lokuTya kunye noLondolozo loKhuseleko kunye neZiko lokuHlola libonisa ukuba iindidi ezisibhozo zeemveliso zasemanzini zibonisa amazinga aphezulu kakhulu okubona amayeza ezilwanyana avaliweyo xa kuthelekiswa nabanye, ephakamisa inkxalabo yabathengi ngokubanzi.
I. Uluhlu Lomngcipheko: Kutheni ezi Mveliso zisi-8 zasemanzini zisemngciphekweni omkhulu?
Ngokusekwe kwidatha yovavanyo lwelizwe lonke ukusuka kwiibhetshi ezingama-3,000 zeemveliso zasemanzini, ezi ndidi zilandelayo zichongwa njengomngcipheko omkhulu ngenxa yeendlela zokulima, iimfuno zokuxhathisa izifo, kunye nezinye izinto:
- IPerch/Trout yaseFama:Ifunyenwei-malachite eluhlazakunye ne-nitrofuran metabolites
- I-Shrimp (IiPrawn, iKuruma Shrimp):Umyinge we-15% wokugqwesa kweenrofloxacin
- I-Shellfish (Iimbatyisi, iScallops):Imingcipheko emibini yeentsimbi ezinzima kunyechloramphenicol
- IiFudo ezinamaqokobhe athambileyo:Kufunyenwe iihomoni zokukhula ezivaliweyo
- Amasele enkunzi:Iintsalela ezibalaseleyo ze-furazolidone metabolites
- Eels:Ukusetyenziswa rhoqo okufihlakeleyo kwe-malachite eluhlaza
- Ii-Eels (Ezinxulumene nokuThunyelwa ngaphandle):Iingxelo ezininzi zaphesheya kolwandle ze-sulfonamide overlimits
- I-Tilapia:Kufunyenwe inoveli yesithinteli-ntsholongwane iflorfenicol
Le ngxelo ibonisa ukuba iindlela zokulima ezixinana kakhulu zenza ezi ntlobo zezityalo zityekele kwizifo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba amanye amafama asebenzise ngokungekho mthethweni amayeza awalelweyo ukuthintela izifo okanye ukukhuthaza ukukhula. Amachiza anjalo ahlala ebonisa ubutyhefu obuphezulu kunye nokonakala okungekuhle.
II. Iingozi zempilo: Njani ukuba aMachiza oNyango lweZilwanyana aValweyo aYibeka esichengeni iMpilo?
Imingcipheko yeCarcinogenic kunye neTeratogenic
I-Malachite eluhlaza ihlelwa njengeQela le-2B le-carcinogen yi-IARC; I-nitrofuran imetabolites inokonakalisa iDNA.
- I-Antibiotic Resistance Crisis
Ukuthathwa kwexesha elide ledosi ephantsi yamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kunokuzala ibhaktheriya enganyangekiyo ngamachiza, yehlisa ukusebenza konyango lwexesha elizayo.
- Isibindi kunye nezintso Toxicity
Ukugqithisa kwe-chloramphenicol okanye i-sulfonamides yonakalisa imisebenzi ye-metabolic.
- Imingcipheko yoPhuhliso ebantwaneni
Iziyobisi zezilwanyana zeHormonal zingaphazamisa iinkqubo ze-endocrine, ezichaphazela uphuhliso lolutsha.
III. I-Industry Insights evela kuVavanyo olugunyazisiweyo
Amagqabantshintshi edatha ka-2024:
Iimveliso ezininzi zentengiso yamafamaibenezinga eli-4x eliphezulu elivaliweyo lokubhaqwa kweziyobisi (8.7%) kunoevenkileni iimveliso ezipakishwe kwangaphambili(2.1%).
Amazinga okufunyanwa anyuke nge-40% ngexeshaihlobongenxa yokwanda kokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kumaxesha onyaka anomngcipheko wezifo.
Ukuphumelela kovavanyo olukhawulezileyo: I-immunochromatography yegolide ye-Colloidal ngoku ihlola i-6 yamachiza avaliweyo aqhelekileyo kwimizuzu engama-30, inceda ummiselo we-grassroots.
IV. Isikhokelo soKhuseleko lwaBathengi: ISicwangciso esi-4 sokuKhetha iSitephu
Qinisekisa "Izatifikethi ezimbini"
Khangela"Isiqinisekiso sokuValelwa kwezilwanyana"kwaye"Ingxelo yoVavanyo loMgangatho waManzi"ekupakisheni.
Beka phambili iimveliso ngeekhowudi ze-QR ezinokulandeleka kwiindawo zokulima kunye neerekhodi zamayeza.
Spot Iimpawu ezikrokrisayo
Amabala amnyama kwi-shrimp okanye kwi-gill-red-red gill kwintlanzi angabonisa ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi.
Inyama eqine kakhulu okanye engaphekiyo ingabonisa unyango lwe-formaldehyde.
Iingcebiso zokuLungiselela ukupheka kwangaphambili
Gxuma i-shellfish emanzini anetyuwa kwiiyure ze-2 ukukhupha i-toxins.
Susa amalungu entlanzi / iigill ukuphelisa i-70% + iintsalela zeziyobisi ezinyibilikayo.
Uxwebhu lweZikhalazo
Gcina ii-invoyisi kunye neesampuli zemveliso.
Imiba ekrokrelekayo inokuxelwa kwiilebhu eziqinisekisiweyo ze-CMA (umzekelo, amaziko okuhlola umgangatho wendawo).
V. Iingcali zikhuthaza: Yakha iNkqubo yoLawulo olupheleleyo
Abaphandi abavela kwiZiko laseTshayina leSayensi yokuLoba bagxininisa ukuba ukulungisa iintsalela zamachiza kufuna intsebenziswano yamaqela amaninzi:
Ulawulo lwangaphambili:Ukuseka "uluhlu olumhlophe" lwamachiza e-aquaculture; ukukhuthaza ezinye iindlela zamayeza.
Ukulandelwa kwenkqubo:Ukugunyazisa iilogi zedijithali zokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi (ixesha/umthamo) kwiifama.
Izohlwayo ezingqongqo:Ukunyanzeliswa kokuvalwa komsebenzi wobomi babo bonke abophula umthetho.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-01-2025