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Munzvimbo dzinopisa, dzine hunyoro kana dzimwe nzvimbo, chikafu chinowanzobatwa nefungus. Chinonyanya kukonzera ifungus. Chikamu chine chakuvhuvhu chatinoona ndicho chikamu apo mycelium yefungus inogadzirwa zvachose, inova mhedzisiro ye "kukura". Uye pedyo nechikafu chine chakuvhuvhu, kwave kune makuvhuvhu akawanda asingaonekwe. Kuvhuvhu kucharamba kuchipararira muchikafu, chiyero chekupararira kwacho chakabatana nehuwandu hwemvura muchikafu uye kuoma kwefungus. Kudya chikafu chine chakuvhuvhu kunokanganisa zvikuru muviri wemunhu.
Chakuvhuvhu rudzi rwefungus. Chepfu inoburitswa nechakuvhuvhu inonzi mycotoxin. Ochratoxin A inoburitswa neAspergillus nePenicillium. Zvakaonekwa kuti mhando nomwe dzeAspergillus nemarudzi matanhatu ePenicillium dzinogona kugadzira ochratoxin A, asi inonyanya kugadzirwa nePenicillium viride, ochratoxin neAspergillus niger.
Chepfu iyi inonyanya kusvibisa zvigadzirwa zvezviyo, zvakaita se oats, bhari, gorosi, chibage nechikafu chemhuka.
Zvinonyanya kukuvadza chiropa neitsvo zvemhuka nevanhu. Huwandu hwakawanda hwechepfu hunogonawo kukonzera kuzvimba nekufa kwemucosa yemudumbu mumhuka, uye zvinewo mhedzisiro yakakura yekenza, teratogenic uye mutagenic.
GB 2761-2017 mwero wekuchengetedzwa kwechikafu wenyika we mycotoxins muchikafu unoti huwandu hunobvumirwa hwe ochratoxin A muzviyo, bhinzi nezvigadzirwa zvavo hahufanirwe kudarika 5 μ g/kg；
GB 13078-2017 chiyero chehutsanana hwechikafu chinoti huwandu hweochratoxin A inobvumirwa muchikafu hahufanirwe kudarika 100 μ g/kg.
GB 5009.96-2016 chiyero chekuchengetedza chikafu chenyika Kuongororwa kweochratoxin A muzvikafu
GB / T 30957-2014 kusarudzwa kwe ochratoxin A mu feed immunoaffinity column purification nzira ye HPLC, nezvimwewo.

Maitiro ekudzora kusvibiswa kweochratoxinChikonzero chekusvibiswa kweochratoxin muchikafu
Nekuti ochratoxin A inopararira zvakanyanya muzvisikwa, zvirimwa zvakawanda nezvikafu, zvinosanganisira zviyo, michero yakaomeswa, mazambiringa newaini, kofi, koko nechokoreti, mishonga yemishonga yeChinese, zvinonhuhwirira, chikafu chemumagaba, mafuta, maorivhi, zvigadzirwa zvebhinzi, doro, tii nezvimwe zvirimwa uye chikafu chinogona kusvibiswa neochratoxin A. Kusvibiswa kweochratoxin A mukudya kwemhuka kwakakombawo. Munyika umo chikafu chiri chikamu chikuru chekudya kwemhuka, senge Europe, kudya kwemhuka kwakasvibiswa neochratoxin A, zvichikonzera kuunganidzwa kweochratoxin A mumuviri. Nekuti ochratoxin A yakagadzikana mumhuka uye haigayiwe nyore nyore uye kuora, chikafu chemhuka, kunyanya itsvo, chiropa, tsandanyama neropa renguruve, Ochratoxin A inowanzoonekwa mumukaka nezvigadzirwa zvemukaka. Vanhu vanosangana neochratoxin A kuburikidza nekudya zvirimwa nenyama dzemhuka dzakasvibiswa neochratoxin A, uye vanokuvadzwa neochratoxin A. Chinhu chinonyanya kuongororwa uye chakadzidzwa paochratoxin imhando yekusvibiswa pasi rose izviyo (gorosi, bhari, chibage, mupunga, nezvimwewo), kofi, waini, doro, zvinonhuhwirira, nezvimwewo.

Matanho anotevera anogona kutorwa nefekitori yezvekudya
1. Sarudzai zvinhu zvekudya zvine hutano uye kuchengetedzeka, uye mhando dzese dzezvinhu zvemhuka zvinosvibiswa nefungus uye zvinochinja hunhu. Zvinogonawo kuti zvinhu zvakasvibiswa panguva yekuunganidza nekuchengetera.
2. Kuti kusimbiswe kuchengetedzwa kwehutano hwemaitiro ekugadzira, zvishandiso, magaba, mota dzinochinja-chinja, mapuratifomu ekushanda, nezvimwewo zvinoshandiswa mukugadzira hazvipiswi mushonga panguva yakakodzera uye hazvibatanidzwi zvakananga nechikafu, zvichikonzera hutachiona hwechipiri hwebhakitiriya.
3. Nyatsocherechedza hutsanana hwevashandi. Nekuti kuchenesa vashandi, mbatya dzebasa neshangu hazvina kukwana, nekuda kwekucheneswa zvisina kunaka kana kusanganiswa nembatya dzemunhu, mushure mekusvibiswa kwakasiyana, mabhakitiriya achaunzwa muworkshop yekugadzira kuburikidza nevashandi mukati nekunze, izvo zvichasvibisa nharaunda yeworkshop.
4. Musha webasa nemidziyo zvinocheneswa uye zvinopiswa nemabhakitiriya nguva dzose. Kuchenesa shawa nemidziyo nguva dzose chinhu chakakosha kudzivirira kuberekana kwefungus, izvo zvisingakwanisike kuitwa nemabhizinesi mazhinji.