Kwiindawo ezishushu, ezifumileyo okanye kwezinye iindawo, ukutya kudla ngokubakho kukungunda.Oyena nobangela kukungunda.Inxalenye yokubumba esiyibonayo ngokwenene inxalenye apho i-mycelium yokubumba iphuhliswe ngokupheleleyo kwaye yenziwe, okuyisiphumo "sokukhula".Kwaye kwindawo yokutya okungundayo, kuye kwakho imingundo emininzi engabonakaliyo.I-Mold iya kuqhubeka isasazeka ekudleni, ububanzi bokusasazeka kwayo kuhambelana nomxholo wamanzi wokutya kunye nobukhulu be-mildew.Ukutya ukutya okunobumba kuya kwenza umonakalo omkhulu kumzimba womntu.
Umngundo luhlobo lomngundo.Ityhefu eyenziwa ngumngundo ibizwa ngokuba yi-mycotoxin.IOchratoxin A iveliswa yiAspergillus kunye nePenicillium.Kufunyenwe ukuba iintlobo ezisi-7 ze-Aspergillus kunye neentlobo ezi-6 zePenicillium zinokuvelisa i-ochratoxin A, kodwa iveliswa ikakhulu yiPenicillium viride ecocekileyo, ochratoxin kunye ne-Aspergillus niger.
Le tyhefu ingcolisa kakhulu iimveliso ze-cereal, ezifana neoti, irhasi, ingqolowa, umbona kunye nokutya kwezilwanyana.
Ichaphazela kakhulu isibindi kunye nezintso zezilwanyana kunye nabantu.Inani elikhulu leetyhefu linokubangela ukudumba kunye ne-necrosis ye-intestinal mucosa kwizilwanyana, kwaye ikwane-carcinogenic ephezulu, i-teratogenic kunye neziphumo ze-mutagenic.
I-GB 2761-2017 imida yomgangatho wokhuseleko lokutya wesizwe we-mycotoxins ekutyeni imisela ukuba isixa esivumelekileyo se-ochratoxin A kwiinkozo, iimbotyi kunye neemveliso zazo aziyi kudlula i-5 μ g/kg;
I-GB 13078-2017 umgangatho wococeko lwesondlo umisela ukuba isixa esivumelekileyo se-ochratoxin A kwisondlo asiyi kuba ngaphezu kwe-100 μ g/kg.
I-GB 5009.96-2016 umgangatho wokhuseleko lokutya wesizwe Ukumiselwa kwe-ochratoxin A ekutyeni
I-GB / T 30957-2014 ukuzimisela kwe-ochratoxin A kwi-feed immunoaffinity column yokucoca indlela ye-HPLC, njl.
Ukulawula njani ungcoliseko lwe-ochratoxinUnobangela wongcoliseko lwe-ochratoxin ekutyeni
Ngenxa yokuba i-ochratoxin A isasazwe ngokubanzi kwindalo, izityalo ezininzi kunye nokutya, kubandakanywa ukutya okuziinkozo, iziqhamo ezomisiweyo, iidiliya kunye newayini, ikofu, i-cocoa kunye netshokolethi, amayeza esintu aseTshayina, isinongo, ukutya okunkonkxiweyo, ioyile, umnquma, iimveliso zembotyi, ibhiya, iti kunye ezinye izityalo kunye nokutya kunokungcoliswa yi-ochratoxin A. Ungcoliseko lwe-ochratoxin A kukutya kwezilwanyana nako kubi kakhulu.Kumazwe apho ukutya kuyeyona nto iphambili yokutya kwezilwanyana, njengaseYurophu, ukutya kwezilwanyana okungcoliswe yi-ochratoxin A, okukhokelela ekuqokeleleni kwe-ochratoxin A kwi-vivo.Kuba i-ochratoxin A izinzile kakhulu kwizilwanyana kwaye ayigalelwa lula kwaye ithotywe, ukutya kwezilwanyana, ngakumbi izintso, isibindi, izihlunu kunye negazi lehagu, i-Ochratoxin A isoloko ibonwa kubisi nakwiimveliso zobisi.Abantu baqhagamshelana ne-ochratoxin A ngokutya izityalo kunye nezicubu zezilwanyana ezingcoliswe yi-ochratoxin A, kwaye benzakaliswa yi-ochratoxin A. Eyona nto iphandwe kakhulu kwaye yaphononongwa kwi-ochratoxin i-matrix yongcoliseko ehlabathini ziinkozo (ingqolowa, irhasi, umbona, irayisi, njl. njl.). ikofu, iwayini, ibhiya, isinongo, njl.
La manyathelo alandelayo anokuthathwa ngumzi-mveliso wokutya
1. Khetha ngokuthe ngqo ukutya okukrwada kwempilo nokhuseleko, kwaye zonke iintlobo zezityalo zezilwanyana zingcoliswa ngundo kwaye zibe lutshintsho olusemgangathweni.Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba izinto eziluhlaza ziye zasuleleka ngexesha lokuqokelela kunye nokugcinwa.
2. Ukomeleza ukukhuselwa kwempilo yenkqubo yokuvelisa, izixhobo, izitya, izithuthi ezithengiswayo, iiplatifomu zokusebenza, njl.njl ezisetyenziswa kwimveliso aziyi kubulawa iintsholongwane ngexesha kwaye zidibene ngokuthe ngqo nokutya, okukhokelela kwisifo sesibini somnqamlezo webhaktheriya.
3. Nika ingqalelo kucoceko lobuqu lwabasebenzi.Ngenxa yokuba ukubulawa kweentsholongwane kwabasebenzi, iimpahla zokusebenza kunye nezihlangu aziphelelanga, ngenxa yokucocwa ngokungafanelekanga okanye ukuxuba iimpahla zomntu, emva kokungcoliswa komnqamlezo, iibhaktheriya ziya kuziswa kwiworkshop yokuvelisa ngokusebenzisa abasebenzi ngaphakathi nangaphandle, okuya kungcolisa imo engqongileyo. iworkshop
4. Indawo yokusebenzela nezixhobo ziyacocwa kwaye zicociwe rhoqo.Ukucocwa rhoqo kweworkshop kunye nezixhobo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuthintela ukuzala kwesikhunta, apho amashishini amaninzi angenako ukufezekisa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-21-2021