labarai

A cikin zafi, m ko wasu wurare, abinci yana yiwuwa ga mildew. Babban mai laifi shine mold. Sashin moldy da muke gani shine ainihin ɓangaren da mycelium na mold ya haɓaka gaba ɗaya kuma ya samo asali, wanda shine sakamakon "balaga". Kuma a kusa da abinci mai ƙazanta, an sami gyaggyarawa da yawa da ba a iya gani. Mold zai ci gaba da yaduwa a cikin abinci, iyakar yaduwarsa yana da alaƙa da abun cikin ruwa na abinci da tsananin ƙwayar cuta. Cin abinci mara kyau zai yi mummunar illa ga jikin ɗan adam.
Mold wani nau'in fungi ne. Gubar da mold ke samarwa ana kiransa mycotoxin. Ochratoxin A yana samuwa ta Aspergillus da Penicillium. An gano cewa nau'ikan Aspergillus guda 7 da nau'ikan Penicillium guda 6 na iya samar da ochratoxin A, amma galibi ana samar da ita ta pure Penicillium viride, ochratoxin da Aspergillus niger.
Gubar ta fi gurɓata kayayyakin hatsi, kamar hatsi, sha'ir, alkama, masara da abincin dabbobi.
Yawanci yana lalata hanta da koda na dabbobi da mutane. Yawan guba mai yawa na iya haifar da kumburi da necrosis na mucosa na hanji a cikin dabbobi, kuma yana da tasirin carcinogenic, teratogenic da tasirin mutagenic.
GB 2761-2017 ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun amincin abinci na ƙasa na mycotoxins a cikin abinci ya nuna cewa adadin ochratoxin A a cikin hatsi, wake da samfuran su ba za su wuce 5 μg / kg ba;
GB 13078-2017 ma'aunin tsaftar ciyarwa ya nuna cewa adadin da aka halatta na ochratoxin A a cikin abinci ba zai wuce 100 μg/kg ba.
GB 5009.96-2016 Matsayin amincin abinci na ƙasa Ƙaddara ochratoxin A cikin abinci
GB / T 30957-2014 ƙayyadaddun ochratoxin A a cikin ciyarwar immunoaffinity shafi tsarkakewa Hanyar HPLC, da dai sauransu.

Yadda ake sarrafa gurɓatar ochratoxin Dalilin gurɓacewar ochratoxin a cikin abinci
Saboda ochratoxin A ya yadu a cikin yanayi, da yawa amfanin gona da abinci, ciki har da hatsi, busassun 'ya'yan itace, inabi da ruwan inabi, kofi, koko da cakulan, kasar Sin na ganye magani, seasonings, gwangwani abinci, man zaitun, wake kayayyakin, giya, shayi da sauran amfanin gona da abinci za a iya gurɓata da ochratoxin A. The gurbatawa na ochratoxin A a cikin dabba abinci ne ma sosai. A cikin kasashen da abinci shine babban bangaren abincin dabbobi, kamar Turai, dabbobin suna ciyar da gurbataccen ochratoxin A, wanda ke haifar da tarin ochratoxin A a cikin vivo. Saboda ochratoxin A yana da tsayin daka a cikin dabbobi kuma ba a sauƙaƙe ba kuma yana raguwa, abincin dabbobi, musamman koda, hanta, tsoka da jinin alade, Ochratoxin A sau da yawa ana gano shi a cikin madara da kayan kiwo. Mutane suna tuntuɓar ochratoxin A ta hanyar cin amfanin gona da kyallen jikin dabba da ochratoxin A ya gurɓata, kuma ochratoxin A yana cutar da su. Mafi yawan bincike da nazari akan ochratoxin matrix gurbatawa a duniya shine hatsi (alkama, sha'ir, masara, shinkafa, da dai sauransu), kofi, giya, giya, kayan yaji, da sauransu.

Matakan da masana'antar abinci za su iya ɗauka
1. Zaɓin kayan abinci na lafiya da aminci sosai, kuma kowane nau'in albarkatun shuka na dabba suna gurɓata ta mold kuma ya zama canji mai inganci. Har ila yau, mai yiyuwa ne cewa kayan da aka samu sun kamu da cutar yayin tattarawa da adanawa.
2. Don ƙarfafa kariyar lafiyar tsarin samar da kayan aiki, kayan aiki, kwantena, motocin juyawa, dandamali na aiki, da dai sauransu da ake amfani da su a cikin samarwa ba su dace da disinfected da kai tsaye tare da abinci ba, wanda ke haifar da kamuwa da cuta na biyu na kwayoyin cuta.
3. Kula da tsaftar ma'aikata. Domin ba a gama kashe ma’aikata, tufafin aiki da takalmi ba, saboda tsaftar da ba ta dace ba ko cakuɗe da tufafin da ba su dace ba, bayan gurɓatar da su, za a shigo da ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin aikin samar da su ta hanyar ma’aikata a ciki da waje, wanda zai gurɓata muhallin taron bitar.
4. Ana tsaftace taron bitar da kayan aiki da kuma tsabtace su akai-akai. Tsaftace bita na yau da kullun da kayan aiki muhimmin bangare ne don hana gyaggyarawa, wanda kamfanoni da yawa ba za su iya cimma ba.